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  2. Essay on Sources Cited in Journals, Volume 3

Essay on Sources Cited in Journals, Volume 3

The annotation for this volume is based on a variety of sources. Among the most important are the personal journals of several of JS’s close associates—especially
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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,
Willard Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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, and
Wilford Woodruff

1 Mar. 1807–2 Sept. 1898. Farmer, miller. Born at Farmington, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of Aphek Woodruff and Beulah Thompson. Moved to Richland, Oswego Co., New York, 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Zera Pulsipher,...

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—which provide significant details about many events that are mentioned only briefly in JS’s journal. Such sources were also used to make sense of Willard Richards’s scanty notes of many of the sermons JS delivered during this period and to flesh out the reasons behind his deteriorating relationships with men like
Robert D. Foster

14 Mar. 1811–1 Feb. 1878. Justice of the peace, physician, land speculator. Born in Braunston, Northamptonshire, England. Son of John Foster and Jane Knibb. Married Sarah Phinney, 18 July 1837, at Medina Co., Ohio. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of ...

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,
Francis M. Higbee

1820–after 1850. Attorney, merchant. Born in Tate, Clermont Co., Ohio. Son of Elias Higbee and Sarah Elizabeth Ward. Moved to Fulton, Hamilton Co., Ohio, by 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1832. Moved to Jackson Co., Missouri...

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, and
William Law

8 Sept. 1809–12/19 Jan. 1892. Merchant, millwright, physician. Born in Co. Tyrone, Ireland. Son of Richard Law and Ann Hunter. Immigrated to U.S. and settled in Springfield Township, Mercer Co., Pennsylvania, by 1820. Moved to Delaware Township, Mercer Co...

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in early 1844. To better understand the latter issue, the editors also made limited use of a record titled “Record of Doings at Nauvoo in 1844,” which was purportedly written by Law himself and was published by Lyndon W. Cook in his book William Law (1994). No manuscript version of this record has been located, making it impossible not only to check the accuracy of the transcription but also to determine whether or not it was indeed originally inscribed by Law himself. While significant questions about the record’s legitimacy and accuracy therefore remain unanswered, the volume and series editors felt justified in using it to a limited extent based on internal evidence contained in the record itself, information Cook provided to Robin Jensen on 15 December 2011, and records contained in the Leonard Arrington Collection in the Special Collections and Archives of Utah State University’s Merrill-Cazier Library that indicate Arrington solicited such a record on behalf of Cook from a member of the Law family in 1978.
In addition to personal records, reports published in various contemporary newspapers provide important details about events and activities referenced in the journal. Particularly helpful were the church-owned Times and Seasons and the Nauvoo Neighbor, two papers published in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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that reported on many of the religious, civic, political, military, and legal issues in which JS was involved. Both papers, as well as others like the Warsaw Signal and Quincy Whig, also contain important information about the movements and intentions of anti-Mormons and church dissenters during this period. Additional information on these and related topics is found in the Nauvoo High Council Minutes, the Nauvoo City Council Minute Book, the Nauvoo Legion Minute Book, the Nauvoo Municipal Court Docket Book, and the Nauvoo Mayor’s Court Docket Book, all of which are owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints today and are available for research. Annotation detailing the discussions that took place in meetings of the Council of Fifty, most of which are only briefly referenced in the journal, was informed by the Council of Fifty Record. This record is reproduced in the Administrative Series of The Joseph Smith Papers.
Published collections of state statutes, as well as court records held in the LDS Church History Library and other locations, are instrumental in understanding the numerous legal issues raised in these journals. Records held in the Hancock County Circuit Court in Carthage, Illinois, are especially helpful in understanding the events and charges that resulted in JS’s incarceration in the
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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jail in June 1844, as well as other cases in which he was involved. Additional light on these and other legal issues, as well as JS’s voluminous correspondence during this period, has been shed by various documents contained in the Joseph Smith Collection housed in the Church History Library.
Documents generated as part of early church historians’ efforts to compile a history of JS’s life and the early years of the church were also consulted and used, especially when evidence suggests that either the historians themselves or the people providing them with information were eyewitnesses to the events they describe in the history. Among the more important of these are numerous reminiscent accounts about the events leading up to JS’s death, which were provided to church historians in the 1850s by people who accompanied JS at
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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jail. Of these reminiscences, the accounts by
John Taylor

1 Nov. 1808–25 July 1887. Preacher, editor, publisher, politician. Born at Milnthorpe, Westmoreland, England. Son of James Taylor and Agnes Taylor, members of Church of England. Around age sixteen, joined Methodist church and was local preacher. Migrated ...

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and
John S. Fullmer

21 July 1807–8 Oct. 1883. Farmer, newsman, postmaster, teacher, merchant. Born at Huntington, Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Peter Fullmer and Susannah Zerfass. Moved to Nashville, Davidson Co., Tennessee, spring 1832. Married Mary Ann Price, 24 May 1837...

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are particularly helpful.
Thomas Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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’s History of Illinois is also an important source for understanding events in Carthage. In general, these and other non-contemporaneous sources were used only when other sources were not available.
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