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  2. Documents, Volume 10, Part 2 Introduction: June 1842

Part 2: June 1842

In mid-June 1842,
Wilford Woodruff

1 Mar. 1807–2 Sept. 1898. Farmer, miller. Born at Farmington, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of Aphek Woodruff and Beulah Thompson. Moved to Richland, Oswego Co., New York, 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Zera Pulsipher,...

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wrote in a letter to fellow
apostle

Members of a governing body in the church, with special administrative and proselytizing responsibilities. A June 1829 revelation commanded Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer to call twelve disciples, similar to the twelve apostles in the New Testament and ...

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Parley P. Pratt

12 Apr. 1807–13 May 1857. Farmer, editor, publisher, teacher, school administrator, legislator, explorer, author. Born at Burlington, Otsego Co., New York. Son of Jared Pratt and Charity Dickinson. Traveled west with brother William to acquire land, 1823....

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that he had “never seen Joseph as full of business as of late he hardly gets time to sign his name.”
1

Wilford Woodruff, Nauvoo, IL, to Parley P. Pratt, Liverpool, England, 18 June 1842, Parley P. Pratt, Correspondence, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Pratt, Parley P. Correspondence, 1842–1855. CHL. MS 897.

The press of business involved numerous facets of JS’s life. He continued to function as
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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president and had begun serving as mayor of
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, Illinois, and presiding over city council meetings.
2

See Nauvoo City Council Minute Book, 11 and 22 June 1842, 85–86; JS, Journal, 11 June 1842; and Oath, 21 June 1842.


In addition, he continued to serve as editor of the Times and Seasons, although he may have had little actual involvement in the production of the two June issues.
3

See Times and Seasons, 1 June 1842; and Times and Seasons, 15 June 1842.


In his efforts to make
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
a
gathering

As directed by early revelations, church members “gathered” in communities. A revelation dated September 1830, for instance, instructed elders “to bring to pass the gathering of mine elect” who would “be gathered in unto one place, upon the face of this land...

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place for Latter-day Saints, JS also continued to facilitate land purchases and made plans to help immigrants coming to the city. He traveled to various locations in and around Nauvoo to buy and sell land. For example, on 20 June he purchased from Ethan Kimball 480 acres of land four miles east of Nauvoo.
4

See, for example, JS, Journal, 3, 7, and 14 June 1842; and Deed from Ethan Kimball, 20 June 1842.


The purchase of additional tracts was necessary to provide economic opportunities for immigrants coming from the British Isles. Through
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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, JS conveyed instruction to
Parley P. Pratt

12 Apr. 1807–13 May 1857. Farmer, editor, publisher, teacher, school administrator, legislator, explorer, author. Born at Burlington, Otsego Co., New York. Son of Jared Pratt and Charity Dickinson. Traveled west with brother William to acquire land, 1823....

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, then in
England

Island nation consisting of southern portion of Great Britain and surrounding smaller islands. Bounded on north by Scotland and on west by Wales. Became province of Roman Empire, first century. Ruled by Romans, through 447. Ruled by Picts, Scots, and Saxons...

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, that Saints coming to Nauvoo should not expect to be financially supported when they arrived.
5

Letter to Parley P. Pratt and Others, 12 June 1842.


Nevertheless, the church still provided some financial assistance for those who had already emigrated. JS directed the creation of a committee consisting of Hyrum Smith and apostles
Brigham Young

1 June 1801–29 Aug. 1877. Carpenter, painter, glazier, colonizer. Born at Whitingham, Windham Co., Vermont. Son of John Young and Abigail (Nabby) Howe. Brought up in Methodist household; later joined Methodist church. Moved to Sherburne, Chenango Co., New...

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,
Heber C. Kimball

14 June 1801–22 June 1868. Blacksmith, potter. Born at Sheldon, Franklin Co., Vermont. Son of Solomon Farnham Kimball and Anna Spaulding. Married Vilate Murray, 22 Nov. 1822, at Mendon, Monroe Co., New York. Member of Baptist church at Mendon, 1831. Baptized...

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, and
George A. Smith

26 June 1817–1 Sept. 1875. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Son of John Smith and Clarissa Lyman. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Joseph H. Wakefield, 10 Sept. 1832, at Potsdam. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio,...

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“to wait upon emigrants & settle them.”
6

Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.


During the month of June, JS also promoted the Nauvoo Agricultural and Manufacturing Society, which had been organized in part to help immigrants economically.
7

See Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.


The efforts to provide land and other opportunities for
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
’s settlers came at a price, and JS continued to struggle with debts. His bankruptcy application proceeded in June with the publication of a notice in the Sangamo Journal. Meanwhile, individuals such as
Alonzo LeBaron

18 Nov. 1818–31 Jan. 1891. Stonemason, writer. Born in Leroy, Genesee Co., New York. Son of David LeBaron and Lydia Batchelder. Moved to Pennsylvania, ca. 1835. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Jan. 1836, in Pennsylvania. Moved to...

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sought repayment for earlier loans made to the church.
8

Notice to Creditors and Others, 17 June 1842; Letter from Alonzo LeBaron, ca. 29 June 1842.


JS also wrote to another creditor,
Horace Hotchkiss

15 Apr. 1799–21 Apr. 1849. Merchant, land speculator. Born in East Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Heman Hotchkiss and Elizabeth Rowe. Moved to New Haven, New Haven Co., by 1815. Married Charlotte Austin Street, 22 Feb. 1824, in East Haven. Purchased...

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, from whom he had purchased much of the land in the Nauvoo area, reiterating that bankruptcy was his only option and explaining that Hotchkiss would be treated in the same manner as JS’s other creditors.
9

Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 30 June 1842.


In addition to JS’s concerns about debts, the attempted assassination of former
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
governor
Lilburn W. Boggs

14 Dec. 1796–14 Mar. 1860. Bookkeeper, bank cashier, merchant, Indian agent and trader, lawyer, doctor, postmaster, politician. Born at Lexington, Fayette Co., Kentucky. Son of John M. Boggs and Martha Oliver. Served in War of 1812. Moved to St. Louis, ca...

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continued to cause trouble for the Latter-day Saint leader. Rumors that JS was involved in planning the attack were widespread; some people insisted that they had heard JS prophesy that Boggs would die.
10

Letter from Hinkle, 12 June 1842; see also “Assassination of Ex-Governor Boggs of Missouri,” Quincy (IL) Whig, 21 May 1842, [3]; and Letter to Sylvester Bartlett, 22 May 1842.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Quincy Whig. Quincy, IL. 1838–1856.

Fearing that the accusations would cause mobs to attack
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
and force JS’s extradition back to Missouri, JS asked
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
governor
Thomas Carlin

18 July 1789–14 Feb. 1852. Ferry owner, farmer, sheriff, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Son of Thomas Carlin and Elizabeth Evans. Baptist. Moved to what became Missouri, by 1803. Moved to Illinois Territory, by 1812. Served in War of 1812. Married...

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for advice.
11

Letter to Thomas Carlin, 24 June 1842.


Carlin responded that he did not think it likely that mobs would kidnap JS.
12

Letter from Thomas Carlin, 30 June 1842.


Regardless of
Carlin

18 July 1789–14 Feb. 1852. Ferry owner, farmer, sheriff, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Son of Thomas Carlin and Elizabeth Evans. Baptist. Moved to what became Missouri, by 1803. Moved to Illinois Territory, by 1812. Served in War of 1812. Married...

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’s opinion, the actions of
John C. Bennett

3 Aug. 1804–5 Aug. 1867. Physician, minister, poultry breeder. Born at Fairhaven, Bristol Co., Massachusetts. Son of John Bennett and Abigail Cook. Moved to Marietta, Washington Co., Ohio, 1808; to Massachusetts, 1812; and back to Marietta, 1822. Married ...

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heightened JS’s fears. On 18 June, JS spoke openly against Bennett, leading to a complete break with his former friend.
13

Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.


Bennett departed
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
shortly thereafter, threatening to write a book denouncing JS.
14

[Nauvoo Masonic Lodge], Nauvoo, IL, to Abraham Jonas, [Columbus, IL], 21 June 1842, Letters pertaining to Freemasonry in Nauvoo, CHL; “Trouble among the Mormons,” Hawkeye and Iowa Patriot [Burlington], 23 June 1842, [2].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Letters pertaining to Freemasonry in Nauvoo, 1842. CHL.

Hawk-Eye and Iowa Patriot. Burlington, IA. 1839–1851.

In June, Bennett composed the first of several letters criticizing JS and accusing him of various misdeeds. These letters would be published in the Sangamo Journal and reprinted in other newspapers in the following months.
15

John C. Bennett, Nauvoo, IL, 27 June 1842, Letter to the Editor, Sangamo Journal [Springfield, IL], 8 July 1842, [2].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Sangamo Journal. Springfield, IL. 1831–1847.

To mitigate the effects of Bennett’s accusations, JS published his own letter to church members and “all the honorable part of community,” providing a long explanation of Bennett’s immoral conduct after moving to Nauvoo and detailing the steps JS had taken to try to get him to reform.
16

Letter to the Church and Others, 23 June 1842.


In addition, JS attended meetings held to consider Bennett’s standing in the Nauvoo Masonic Lodge and in the
Nauvoo Legion

A contingent of the Illinois state militia provided for in the Nauvoo city charter. The Nauvoo Legion was organized into two cohorts: one infantry and one cavalry. Each cohort could potentially comprise several thousand men and was overseen by a brigadier...

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.
17

JS, Journal, 16 and 30 June 1842.


Anxious about Bennett’s charges and the threat of extradition, on 26 June JS and some of the church brethren “united in Solemn prayer,” petitioning God to deliver him and the Latter-day Saints from the “evil designs” of
Boggs

14 Dec. 1796–14 Mar. 1860. Bookkeeper, bank cashier, merchant, Indian agent and trader, lawyer, doctor, postmaster, politician. Born at Lexington, Fayette Co., Kentucky. Son of John M. Boggs and Martha Oliver. Served in War of 1812. Moved to St. Louis, ca...

View Full Bio
, Carlin, and Bennett, as well as from state officials from
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
or
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
, “all mobs,” and any other “evil designi[n]g persons.”
18

JS, Journal, 26 June 1842.


The documents in this part of the volume include correspondence, discourses, deeds, an account of a meeting, a bankruptcy notice, and selections from the two June Times and Seasons issues.
  1. 1

    Wilford Woodruff, Nauvoo, IL, to Parley P. Pratt, Liverpool, England, 18 June 1842, Parley P. Pratt, Correspondence, CHL.

    Pratt, Parley P. Correspondence, 1842–1855. CHL. MS 897.

  2. 2

    See Nauvoo City Council Minute Book, 11 and 22 June 1842, 85–86; JS, Journal, 11 June 1842; and Oath, 21 June 1842.

  3. 3

    See Times and Seasons, 1 June 1842; and Times and Seasons, 15 June 1842.

  4. 4

    See, for example, JS, Journal, 3, 7, and 14 June 1842; and Deed from Ethan Kimball, 20 June 1842.

  5. 5

    Letter to Parley P. Pratt and Others, 12 June 1842.

  6. 6

    Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.

  7. 7

    See Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.

  8. 8

    Notice to Creditors and Others, 17 June 1842; Letter from Alonzo LeBaron, ca. 29 June 1842.

  9. 9

    Letter to Horace Hotchkiss, 30 June 1842.

  10. 10

    Letter from Hinkle, 12 June 1842; see also “Assassination of Ex-Governor Boggs of Missouri,” Quincy (IL) Whig, 21 May 1842, [3]; and Letter to Sylvester Bartlett, 22 May 1842.

    Quincy Whig. Quincy, IL. 1838–1856.

  11. 11

    Letter to Thomas Carlin, 24 June 1842.

  12. 12

    Letter from Thomas Carlin, 30 June 1842.

  13. 13

    Account of Meeting and Discourse, 18 June 1842.

  14. 14

    [Nauvoo Masonic Lodge], Nauvoo, IL, to Abraham Jonas, [Columbus, IL], 21 June 1842, Letters pertaining to Freemasonry in Nauvoo, CHL; “Trouble among the Mormons,” Hawkeye and Iowa Patriot [Burlington], 23 June 1842, [2].

    Letters pertaining to Freemasonry in Nauvoo, 1842. CHL.

    Hawk-Eye and Iowa Patriot. Burlington, IA. 1839–1851.

  15. 15

    John C. Bennett, Nauvoo, IL, 27 June 1842, Letter to the Editor, Sangamo Journal [Springfield, IL], 8 July 1842, [2].

    Sangamo Journal. Springfield, IL. 1831–1847.

  16. 16

    Letter to the Church and Others, 23 June 1842.

  17. 17

    JS, Journal, 16 and 30 June 1842.

  18. 18

    JS, Journal, 26 June 1842.

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