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  2. Documents, Volume 12, Part 2 Introduction: April 1843

Part 2: April 1843

In April 1843, JS traveled to visit the Saints in areas surrounding
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, Illinois, taught doctrine, held a
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

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in Nauvoo, encouraged efforts to fund the construction of the Nauvoo
temple

Located in portion of Nauvoo known as the bluff. JS revelation dated Jan. 1841 commanded Saints to build temple and hotel (Nauvoo House). Cornerstone laid, 6 Apr. 1841. Saints volunteered labor, money, and other resources for temple construction. Construction...

More Info
and the
Nauvoo House

Located in lower portion of Nauvoo (the flats) along bank of Mississippi River. JS revelation, dated 19 Jan. 1841, instructed Saints to build boardinghouse for travelers and immigrants. Construction of planned three-story building to be funded by fifty-dollar...

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, and served in his civic and military roles. He began the month with a short journey to see the Latter-day Saints in
Macedonia

Area settled, 1826. Founded by Latter-day Saints, 1839–1840, following exodus from Missouri. Town platted, Aug. 1840. Post office established, Sept. 1840. Incorporated as Macedonia, Mar. 1843. Renamed Webster, 23 July 1847. Population in 1845 about 380. Crooked...

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, Illinois. While there, he taught church members more about the nature of God and the second coming of Jesus Christ.
1

Instruction, 2 Apr. 1843 [D&C 130].


This was not the only time JS addressed theological topics in April—at various times during the month he spoke about prophecy, death, and resurrection, and he again preached about signs of Christ’s second coming.
2

Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843; Discourse, 16 Apr. 1843.


He also interpreted and clarified biblical passages on the end times; in one discourse, for example, he spoke on the meaning of the beasts from John’s vision in the New Testament book of Revelation.
3

Discourse, 8 Apr. 1843.


In addition to preaching doctrinal sermons, JS addressed matters of church administration and spoke about temporal issues. Due to JS’s persistent suspicions that his counselor
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

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was conspiring against him with former church member
John C. Bennett

3 Aug. 1804–5 Aug. 1867. Physician, minister, poultry breeder. Born at Fairhaven, Bristol Co., Massachusetts. Son of John Bennett and Abigail Cook. Moved to Marietta, Washington Co., Ohio, 1808; to Massachusetts, 1812; and back to Marietta, 1822. Married ...

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, JS presented the
First Presidency

The highest presiding body of the church. An 11 November 1831 revelation stated that the president of the high priesthood was to preside over the church. JS was ordained as president of the high priesthood on 25 January 1832. In March 1832, JS appointed two...

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“for trial” during the early April conference celebrating the thirteenth anniversary of the organization of the church, asking the conference attendees whether they sustained each member of the presidency. After Rigdon explained his past associations with Bennett, the conference sustained him along with the other presidency members. Following this business, JS instructed conference attendees about the importance of the Saints
gathering

As directed by early revelations, church members “gathered” in communities. A revelation dated September 1830, for instance, instructed elders “to bring to pass the gathering of mine elect” who would “be gathered in unto one place, upon the face of this land...

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together. He directed church members seeking property to settle in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
rather than
Iowa Territory

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803. First permanent white settlements established, ca. 1833. Organized as territory, 1838, containing all of present-day Iowa, much of present-day Minnesota, and parts of North and South Dakota. Population in...

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, and he encouraged members who were already living in Iowa Territory to relocate to Nauvoo.
4

JS, Journal, 6 Apr. 1843; Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843.


About a week following the conference, a group of more than four hundred Latter-day Saints arrived in Nauvoo from
England

Island nation consisting of southern portion of Great Britain and surrounding smaller islands. Bounded on north by Scotland and on west by Wales. Became province of Roman Empire, first century. Ruled by Romans, through 447. Ruled by Picts, Scots, and Saxons...

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. JS likewise advised these Saints on where they should live and from whom they should purchase land.
5

Discourse, 13 Apr. 1843.


As part of his administrative duties, JS presided in an ecclesiastical court as he and the First Presidency heard an appeal made by
Anson Mathews

1 Dec. 1787–after 27 Jan. 1848. Tinsmith. Born in Chatham, Middlesex Co., Connecticut. Son of Asael (Asahel) Mathews and Anner Harding. Married Elizabeth (Betsey) Burgess, ca. 15 Sept. 1811, in Conway, Franklin Co., Massachusetts. Moved to Canandaigua, Ontario...

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in a case previously decided by the Nauvoo
high council

A governing body of twelve high priests. The first high council was organized in Kirtland, Ohio, on 17 February 1834 “for the purpose of settling important difficulties which might arise in the church, which could not be settled by the church, or the bishop...

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.
6

Minutes, 30 Apr. 1843.


Many church members lived in poverty in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, and some resorted to stealing, an act JS condemned. The general lack of money also affected construction of the Nauvoo
temple

Located in portion of Nauvoo known as the bluff. JS revelation dated Jan. 1841 commanded Saints to build temple and hotel (Nauvoo House). Cornerstone laid, 6 Apr. 1841. Saints volunteered labor, money, and other resources for temple construction. Construction...

More Info
and the
Nauvoo House

Located in lower portion of Nauvoo (the flats) along bank of Mississippi River. JS revelation, dated 19 Jan. 1841, instructed Saints to build boardinghouse for travelers and immigrants. Construction of planned three-story building to be funded by fifty-dollar...

More Info
.
7

Letter from Joseph Tippets, 2 Apr. 1843; Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843.


Because the Saints still needed funds and materials to continue constructing the two buildings, JS assigned the
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles

Members of a governing body in the church, with special administrative and proselytizing responsibilities. A June 1829 revelation commanded Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer to call twelve disciples, similar to the twelve apostles in the New Testament and ...

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the task of fund raising for these important building projects.
8

Minutes, 19 Apr. 1843.


To aid in raising funds and to encourage economic growth, JS oversaw the writing of a letter to the Boston Daily Bee that described
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, its buildings, and the potential for investment opportunities there.
9

Letter to Editor, 22–ca. 27 Apr. 1843. The April letter was the sixth in a series of nine similar letters to the Boston Daily Bee.


Other correspondence makes up a significant portion of the April documents, as JS sent and received several other letters covering a variety of matters, including real estate transactions, legal issues, and the conduct of church member
Benjamin Winchester

6 Aug. 1817–25 Jan. 1901. Farmer, author, merchant, brick maker. Born near Elk Creek, Erie Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Stephen Winchester and Mary Case. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, early 1833, in Elk Creek. Moved to Kirtland, ...

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in the church’s
Philadelphia

Port city founded as Quaker settlement by William Penn, 1681. Site of signing of Declaration of Independence and drafting of U.S. Constitution. Nation’s capital city, 1790–1800. Population in 1830 about 170,000; in 1840 about 260,000; and in 1850 about 410...

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branch

An ecclesiastical organization of church members in a particular locale. A branch was generally smaller than a stake or a conference. Branches were also referred to as churches, as in “the Church of Shalersville.” In general, a branch was led by a presiding...

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.
10

See Letter from Horace Hotchkiss, 7 Apr. 1843; Letter from George W. Robinson, 26 Apr. 1843; Letter from Benjamin F. Johnson, 16 Apr. 1843; Letter from James Arlington Bennet, 10 Apr. 1843; and Letter from Eliza Lowry Nicholson, 23 Apr. 1843.


Part 2 features twenty-three documents created in April 1843, including fourteen letters and several sets of meeting minutes and accounts of discourses.
  1. 1

    Instruction, 2 Apr. 1843 [D&C 130].

  2. 2

    Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843; Discourse, 16 Apr. 1843.

  3. 3

    Discourse, 8 Apr. 1843.

  4. 4

    JS, Journal, 6 Apr. 1843; Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843.

  5. 5

    Discourse, 13 Apr. 1843.

  6. 6

    Minutes, 30 Apr. 1843.

  7. 7

    Letter from Joseph Tippets, 2 Apr. 1843; Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843.

  8. 8

    Minutes, 19 Apr. 1843.

  9. 9

    Letter to Editor, 22–ca. 27 Apr. 1843. The April letter was the sixth in a series of nine similar letters to the Boston Daily Bee.

  10. 10

    See Letter from Horace Hotchkiss, 7 Apr. 1843; Letter from George W. Robinson, 26 Apr. 1843; Letter from Benjamin F. Johnson, 16 Apr. 1843; Letter from James Arlington Bennet, 10 Apr. 1843; and Letter from Eliza Lowry Nicholson, 23 Apr. 1843.

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