Footnotes
See Revelation, 20 July 1831 [D&C 57]; Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:119]; Letter to William W. Phelps, 11 Jan. 1833; and Revelation, 26 Apr. 1838 [D&C 115].
Revelation, 19 Jan. 1841 [D&C 124:2, 27].
News Item, Nauvoo Neighbor, 14 June 1843, [2].
Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.
News Item, Nauvoo Neighbor, 14 June 1843, [2].
Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.
Designing a sermon around a passage of scripture rather than a topic was referred to among Christian preachers as expository preaching. (Sturtevant, Preacher’s Manual, 1:68; Stowe, “On Expository Preaching,” 384.)
Sturtevant, S. T. The Preacher’s Manual; or, Lectures on Preaching. . . . 2nd ed. 2 vols. London: Richard Baynes, 1834.
Stowe, Calvin Ellis. “On Expository Preaching and the Principles Which Should Guide Us in the Exposition of Scripture.” Biblical Repository and Quarterly Observer 5, no. 18 (Apr. 1835): 384–402.
For more information on Richards’s note-taking methodology, see Historical Introduction to Discourse, 4 July 1843.
Burgess’'s account is not dated, but it, along with another undated account of a discourse that follows it in his journal, was placed between accounts of JS’s discourses than can be securely dated 21 May and 23 July 1843. For a discussion of the known discourses JS delivered between these dates, see Historical Introduction to Discourse, between 11 June and 23 July 1843.
See Acts chap. 2.
Wilford Woodruff clarified that JS was addressing the etymology of the word translated as hell in the New Testament. In his commentary on Matthew 11:23, Methodist minister Adam Clarke noted that “the original word [for hell] is hades . . . the invisible receptacle or mansion of the dead.” He continued, “The word hell, used in the common translation, conveys now an improper meaning of the original word [Sheol]; because hell is only used to signify the place of the damned.” Clarke further explained that the English word hell derived from an Anglo-Saxon term that did not fully capture the sense of the Greek original. (Clarke, New Testament, 1:114, italics in original.)
Clarke, Adam. The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ. The Text Carefully Printed from the Most Correct Copies of the Present Authorised Version, Including the Marginal Readings and Parallel Texts. . . . Vol. 1. New York: J. Emory and B. Waugh, 1831.
See Revelation 20:10.
JS may have been referring to Josiah W. Gibbs’s Hebrew lexicon, which was used as part of the elders’ instruction in Hebrew in Kirtland, Ohio. Gibbs defined Sheol as “the lower world, region of ghosts.” (Gibbs, Manual Hebrew and English Lexicon, 213; Grey, “Joseph Smith’s Study of Hebrew,” 286n59.)
Gibbs, Josiah W. A Manual Hebrew and English Lexicon Including Biblical Chaldee. Designed Particularly for Beginners. 2nd ed. New Haven, CT: Hezekiah Howe, 1832.
Grey, Matthew J. “‘The Word of the Lord in the Original’: Joseph Smith’s Study of Hebrew in Kirtland.” In Approaching Antiquity: Joseph Smith and the Ancient World, edited by Lincoln H. Blumell, Matthew J. Grey, and Andrew H. Hedges, 249–302. Provo, UT: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University; Salt Lake City: Deseret Book, 2015.
TEXT: The ditto mark indicates that the reader should read the word “spirits,” which appears on the line above in the manuscript.