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Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Willard Richards

Source Note

JS, Discourse, [
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, 21 May 1843]. Featured version copied [ca. 21 May 1843] in JS, Journal, 1842–1844, bk. 2, pp. [211]–[217]; handwriting of
Willard Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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; JS Collection, CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for JS, Journal, 1842–1844.

Historical Introduction

On 21 May 1843, JS delivered a discourse in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Illinois, on the doctrines of salvation in 2 Peter 1. This chapter was a key text in Christian theological debates surrounding the doctrine of assurance of salvation.
1

See Historical Introduction to Discourse, 14 May 1843.


JS had commented publicly on this chapter in discourses as early as 1839 and as recently as the previous week—on 14 and 17 May 1843—while visiting Latter-day Saints outside of Nauvoo.
2

See Discourse, between ca. 26 June and ca. 2 July 1839; Discourse, 14 May 1843; and Discourse, 17 May 1843–A.


On 21 May, in a Sunday morning meeting held in the unfinished Nauvoo
temple

Located in portion of Nauvoo known as the bluff. JS revelation dated Jan. 1841 commanded Saints to build temple and hotel (Nauvoo House). Cornerstone laid, 6 Apr. 1841. Saints volunteered labor, money, and other resources for temple construction. Construction...

More Info
, JS spoke for about two hours before a large crowd, recapitulating and expanding on the themes he addressed in the earlier discourses and providing “three grand secrets” or “keys” for interpreting the chapter.
3

See Levi Richards, Journal, 21 May 1843.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Richards, Levi. Journals, 1840–1853. Levi Richards, Papers, 1837–1867. CHL. MS 1284, box 1.

The first was to obtain knowledge of God through revelation. The second was to seek to “make your calling & election sure,” a reference to 2 Peter 1:10. The third and final key was to obtain “a more sure word of prophecy,” referring to a phrase in 2 Peter 1:19, which he interpreted as hearing an audible voice declaring that an individual would receive eternal life.
JS's scribe
Willard Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

View Full Bio
made uneven notes of the discourse, suggesting that Richards was attempting to capture JS’s words as he heard them. He may have used loose paper to take the notes, which he later copied—perhaps with refinements—into JS’s journal.
4

See Historical Introduction to Discourse, 4 July 1843.


Church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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member
Howard Coray

6 May 1817–16 Jan. 1908. Bookkeeper, clerk, teacher, farmer. Born in Dansville, Steuben Co., New York. Son of Silas Coray and Mary Stephens. Moved to Providence, Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania, ca. 1827; to Williams, Northampton Co., Pennsylvania, by 1830; and...

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later recorded in a notebook a polished account of the discourse, which was presumably based on nonextant notes taken by Coray or by Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Howard’s wife, who made contemporaneous notes of other JS discourses in the 1840s. Coray described the discourse as a sermon “On Election.”
5

Coray and Coray, Notebook, verso, [36]. Martha Jane Knowlton Coray recounted that “from the age of thirteen years,” she had been “much in the habit of noting down evrything, I heard and read which possessed any peculiar interest to me, in order to preserve facts.” According to one account, Coray “took in common hand every di[s]course that she heard him [JS] preach, and has carefully preserved them.” Coray’s daughter noted that “it was ever her [Coray’s] custom when going to meeting to take pencil and note paper; she thus preserved notes of sermons that would otherwise have been lost to the Church.” (Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Provo, Utah Territory, to Brigham Young, 13 June 1865, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; Obituary for Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Woman’s Exponent, 1 Feb. 1882, 10:133; Lewis, “Martha Jane Knowlton Coray,” 440.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Coray, Martha Jane Knowlton, and Howard Coray. Notebook, ca. 1853–1855. CHL.

Brigham Young Office Files, 1832–1878. CHL. CR 1234 1.

Woman’s Exponent. Salt Lake City. 1872–1914.

Lewis, Martha J. C. “Martha Jane Knowlton Coray.” Improvement Era 5, no. 6 (Apr. 1902): 439–440.

Latter-day Saints
Franklin D. Richards

2 Apr. 1821–9 Dec. 1899. Carpenter, businessman, newspaper editor. Born at Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts. Son of Phinehas Richards and Wealthy Dewey. Raised Congregationalist. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Phinehas ...

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and
James Burgess

25 Feb. 1818–30 May 1904. Carpenter, farmer. Born at Barton upon Irwell, Lancashire, England. Son of William Burgess and Martha Barlow. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 19 Oct. 1840. Ordained a priest, 19 Dec. 1840. Served mission...

View Full Bio
also made polished accounts of the discourse, which suggests that they were reconstructed from notes taken during the discourse or from memory or both. All four accounts are featured here.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See Historical Introduction to Discourse, 14 May 1843.

  2. [2]

    See Discourse, between ca. 26 June and ca. 2 July 1839; Discourse, 14 May 1843; and Discourse, 17 May 1843–A.

  3. [3]

    See Levi Richards, Journal, 21 May 1843.

    Richards, Levi. Journals, 1840–1853. Levi Richards, Papers, 1837–1867. CHL. MS 1284, box 1.

  4. [4]

    See Historical Introduction to Discourse, 4 July 1843.

  5. [5]

    Coray and Coray, Notebook, verso, [36]. Martha Jane Knowlton Coray recounted that “from the age of thirteen years,” she had been “much in the habit of noting down evrything, I heard and read which possessed any peculiar interest to me, in order to preserve facts.” According to one account, Coray “took in common hand every di[s]course that she heard him [JS] preach, and has carefully preserved them.” Coray’s daughter noted that “it was ever her [Coray’s] custom when going to meeting to take pencil and note paper; she thus preserved notes of sermons that would otherwise have been lost to the Church.” (Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Provo, Utah Territory, to Brigham Young, 13 June 1865, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; Obituary for Martha Jane Knowlton Coray, Woman’s Exponent, 1 Feb. 1882, 10:133; Lewis, “Martha Jane Knowlton Coray,” 440.)

    Coray, Martha Jane Knowlton, and Howard Coray. Notebook, ca. 1853–1855. CHL.

    Brigham Young Office Files, 1832–1878. CHL. CR 1234 1.

    Woman’s Exponent. Salt Lake City. 1872–1914.

    Lewis, Martha J. C. “Martha Jane Knowlton Coray.” Improvement Era 5, no. 6 (Apr. 1902): 439–440.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Willard Richards Journal, December 1842–June 1844; Book 2, 10 March 1843–14 July 1843 *Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Franklin D. Richards *Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by James Burgess Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Levi Richards History Draft [1 March–31 December 1843] *Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Howard Coray History, 1838–1856, volume D-1 [1 August 1842–1 July 1843] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page [214]

the opinions of men. so far as I am possessed concerned. are to me as the crackling of the thorns under the pot.
8

See Ecclesiastes 7:6.


or the whistling of the wind,
Columbus and the eggs.—
9

The entry for this date in JS's history, which was compiled in the 1850s under the direction of George A. Smith, explains this phrase: “I break the ground, I lead the way. like Columbus when he was invited to a banquet, where he was assigned the most honorable place at table and served with the ceremonials which were observed towards Sovereigns. A shallow courtier present, who was meanly jealous of him, abruptly asked him whether he thought, that in case he had not discovered the Indies, there were not other men in Spain, who would have been capable of the enterprize? Columbus made no reply, but took an egg and invited the Company to make it stand on end. They all attempted it, but in vain, whereupon he struck it upon the table, so as to break one end, and left it standing on the broken part. illustrating that when he had once shewn the way, to the new world, nothing was easier than to follow it.” (JS History, vol. D-1, 1556; see also Phillips and Phillips, Worlds of Christopher Columbus, 190.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Phillips, William D., Jr., and Carla Rahn Phillips. The Worlds of Christopher Columbus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

Ladder and rainbow.
10

JS used a similar phrase three weeks later when commenting on the misleading use of theological terms: “I wou[l]d make you think I was climbing a ladder when I was climbing a rainbow.” (Discourse, 11 June 1843–A.)


like precious faith with us . . . — add to your faith virtue &c . . .
11

See 2 Peter 1:1, 5–7.


another point after having all these qualifictins [qualifications] he lays this injutin [injunction].— but rather make your calling & election sure—
12

See 2 Peter 1:10.


after adding all. this. virtue knowledge &. make your cal[l]ing. &c Sure.— what is the secret, the starting point. according as his divine power which hath given unto all things that pertain to life & godliness. [p. [214]]
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Source Note

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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Discourse, 21 May 1843, as Reported by Willard Richards
ID #
1074
Total Pages
7
Print Volume Location
JSP, D12:320–323
Handwriting on This Page
  • Willard Richards

Footnotes

  1. [8]

    See Ecclesiastes 7:6.

  2. [9]

    The entry for this date in JS's history, which was compiled in the 1850s under the direction of George A. Smith, explains this phrase: “I break the ground, I lead the way. like Columbus when he was invited to a banquet, where he was assigned the most honorable place at table and served with the ceremonials which were observed towards Sovereigns. A shallow courtier present, who was meanly jealous of him, abruptly asked him whether he thought, that in case he had not discovered the Indies, there were not other men in Spain, who would have been capable of the enterprize? Columbus made no reply, but took an egg and invited the Company to make it stand on end. They all attempted it, but in vain, whereupon he struck it upon the table, so as to break one end, and left it standing on the broken part. illustrating that when he had once shewn the way, to the new world, nothing was easier than to follow it.” (JS History, vol. D-1, 1556; see also Phillips and Phillips, Worlds of Christopher Columbus, 190.)

    Phillips, William D., Jr., and Carla Rahn Phillips. The Worlds of Christopher Columbus. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

  3. [10]

    JS used a similar phrase three weeks later when commenting on the misleading use of theological terms: “I wou[l]d make you think I was climbing a ladder when I was climbing a rainbow.” (Discourse, 11 June 1843–A.)

  4. [11]

    See 2 Peter 1:1, 5–7.

  5. [12]

    See 2 Peter 1:10.

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