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Letter from George Bachman, 21 January 1843

Source Note

George Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

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, Letter,
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, to JS,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, 21 Jan. 1843; handwriting of
George Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
; one page; JS Collection, CHL. Included enclosure; includes address and docket.
Single leaf, measuring 17½ × 12 inches (44 × 30 cm) and ruled with thirty-four horizontal lines printed in blue ink. The page was torn along the left edge of the recto, which suggests it was originally part of a blank book or bifolium. The letter included an enclosure of a copy of a letter to
Moses Wilson

1795–ca. 1868. Farmer, merchant, land developer, postmaster. Born in Virginia. Moved to Greene Co., Tennessee, by Dec. 1818. Married first Margaret Guin, 23 Dec. 1829, in Greene Co. Moved to Pike Co., Illinois, by Apr. 1832. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832...

View Full Bio
from
George Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
.
1

George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.


The letter was trifolded twice in letter style, addressed, and sealed with a red adhesive wafer. Both the left and right sides of the page were torn when the letter was opened.
The letter was docketed by
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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, who served as scribe to JS from 1842 to 1844.
2

JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

The document was listed in an inventory that was produced by the Church Historian’s Office (later Church Historical Department) circa 1904.
3

“Letters to and from the Prophet,” ca. 1904, [3], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

By 1973 the document had been included in the JS Collection at the Church Historical Department (now CHL).
4

See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.


The document’s early docket as well as its inclusion in the circa 1904 inventory and in the JS Collection by 1973 indicate continuous institutional custody.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.

  2. [2]

    JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.

    Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

  3. [3]

    “Letters to and from the Prophet,” ca. 1904, [3], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.

    Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

  4. [4]

    See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.

Historical Introduction

On 21 January 1843, attorney
George Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
wrote from
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
, Illinois, to JS at
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Illinois, expressing his devotion to him and offering him legal services. Bachman also enclosed a copy of a letter he had written to
Moses Wilson

1795–ca. 1868. Farmer, merchant, land developer, postmaster. Born in Virginia. Moved to Greene Co., Tennessee, by Dec. 1818. Married first Margaret Guin, 23 Dec. 1829, in Greene Co. Moved to Pike Co., Illinois, by Apr. 1832. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832...

View Full Bio
, a general in the
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
state militia, concerning efforts to extradite JS to Missouri. Bachman claimed that his letters to both JS and Wilson grew out of his friendship with JS.
1

The exact nature of Bachman’s friendship with JS is unclear. Bachman had been advertising his legal services in the Wasp since early November 1842. The first mention of a meeting between the two was not until 3 April 1843, but JS may have met Bachman during earlier visits to Carthage. (See Advertisement, Wasp, 5 Nov. 1842, [3]; and JS, Journal, 3–4 Apr. 1843.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

The Wasp. Nauvoo, IL. Apr. 1842–Apr. 1843.

On 5 January, after JS was discharged from arrest in his extradition case,
Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
became aware of
John C. Bennett

3 Aug. 1804–5 Aug. 1867. Physician, minister, poultry breeder. Born at Fairhaven, Bristol Co., Massachusetts. Son of John Bennett and Abigail Cook. Moved to Marietta, Washington Co., Ohio, 1808; to Massachusetts, 1812; and back to Marietta, 1822. Married ...

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’s plan to go to
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
and renew the extradition efforts.
2

JS, Journal, 5 Jan. 1843; George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.


Although it is unclear how Bachman learned about his plans, Bennett had sent a private letter to
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

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and
Orson Pratt

19 Sept. 1811–3 Oct. 1881. Farmer, writer, teacher, merchant, surveyor, editor, publisher. Born at Hartford, Washington Co., New York. Son of Jared Pratt and Charity Dickinson. Moved to New Lebanon, Columbia Co., New York, 1814; to Canaan, Columbia Co., fall...

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on 10 January 1843 discussing these same intentions.
3

Letter to Justin Butterfield, 16 Jan. 1843; John C. Bennett, Springfield, IL, to Sidney Rigdon and Orson Pratt, Nauvoo, IL, 10 Jan. [1843], Sidney Rigdon, Collection, CHL.


Bachman wrote to
Wilson

1795–ca. 1868. Farmer, merchant, land developer, postmaster. Born in Virginia. Moved to Greene Co., Tennessee, by Dec. 1818. Married first Margaret Guin, 23 Dec. 1829, in Greene Co. Moved to Pike Co., Illinois, by Apr. 1832. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832...

View Full Bio
in an attempt to dissuade Missouri from aligning itself with Bennett, urging Wilson and his fellow Missourians to reject Bennett on the basis of his possessing “sentiments of Abolitionism Libertinism falsehood deceit and Treachery” such that “not even the Mormons” placed confidence in him. Although he referred to Bennett as a “destestable, crawling, creeping, slimy, and foul pollutor of femal[e] chastity,” Bachman saved his most significant criticisms for Bennett’s abolitionist ideas. Claiming to have witnessed the events of Nat Turner’s 1831 slave rebellion in Southampton County, Virginia, Bachman warned the residents of Missouri, a slave state, that
Jackson County

Settled at Fort Osage, 1808. County created, 16 Feb. 1825; organized 1826. Named after U.S. president Andrew Jackson. Featured fertile lands along Missouri River and was Santa Fe Trail departure point, which attracted immigrants to area. Area of county reduced...

More Info
, Missouri, would “become the scene of action for the same bloody Tragedgy” if its citizens welcomed Bennett’s help.
4

George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL, underlining in original.


After writing to
Wilson

1795–ca. 1868. Farmer, merchant, land developer, postmaster. Born in Virginia. Moved to Greene Co., Tennessee, by Dec. 1818. Married first Margaret Guin, 23 Dec. 1829, in Greene Co. Moved to Pike Co., Illinois, by Apr. 1832. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832...

View Full Bio
,
Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
forwarded a copy of the letter to JS along with a cover letter, featured here, in which he explained his motivations for writing to Wilson. The letter lacks postal markings, suggesting that a private courier delivered it to JS. Assuming they were sent soon after 21 January, JS likely received this letter and the enclosed copy of Bachman’s letter to Wilson on or shortly after 22 January. It is not known if JS replied to Bachman. Because it was not addressed to JS, Bachman’s enclosed letter to Wilson is not featured here.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    The exact nature of Bachman’s friendship with JS is unclear. Bachman had been advertising his legal services in the Wasp since early November 1842. The first mention of a meeting between the two was not until 3 April 1843, but JS may have met Bachman during earlier visits to Carthage. (See Advertisement, Wasp, 5 Nov. 1842, [3]; and JS, Journal, 3–4 Apr. 1843.)

    The Wasp. Nauvoo, IL. Apr. 1842–Apr. 1843.

  2. [2]

    JS, Journal, 5 Jan. 1843; George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.

  3. [3]

    Letter to Justin Butterfield, 16 Jan. 1843; John C. Bennett, Springfield, IL, to Sidney Rigdon and Orson Pratt, Nauvoo, IL, 10 Jan. [1843], Sidney Rigdon, Collection, CHL.

  4. [4]

    George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL, underlining in original.

Page [1]

Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
Ill. January 21st 1843
President

The highest presiding body of the church. An 11 November 1831 revelation stated that the president of the high priesthood was to preside over the church. JS was ordained as president of the high priesthood on 25 January 1832. In March 1832, JS appointed two...

View Glossary
Joseph Smith)
Respected Friend)
Inclosed I send You a copy of a letter written by me to General
Moses Wilson

1795–ca. 1868. Farmer, merchant, land developer, postmaster. Born in Virginia. Moved to Greene Co., Tennessee, by Dec. 1818. Married first Margaret Guin, 23 Dec. 1829, in Greene Co. Moved to Pike Co., Illinois, by Apr. 1832. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832...

View Full Bio
,
1

George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.


which I wish You to read and then file as a testimonial, of the Esteem and respect of Your friend And Jonathan said unto David let us make a covenant and if there be evil intended against <​You,​> I will draw the bow and shute an Arrow beyond You, so that you may surely know that Evil is intended;
2

Bachman was alluding to the biblical story of David and Jonathan, who entered into a covenant of friendship despite the efforts of Jonathan’s father, Saul, a political rival, to kill David. In order to alert him about Saul’s intentions, Jonathan developed a way to warn David by shooting arrows at a target near his position. Jonathan promised to send a servant to find the arrows that he shot and informed David that the directions he gave to this servant would signal whether David was in danger. If Jonathan said “the arrows are on this side of thee, take them,” David would know he was safe. But if Jonathan told the servant that the arrows had gone beyond him and he must go after them, it would be a sign for David to flee. (1 Samuel 18:1–4; 20:11–23.)


I some times draw the bow and hit the mark, and hope that I may have done so in this cas[e?]
3

TEXT: “cas[page damaged]”.


You may rely on the Secrecy— and
4

TEXT: Page damaged; the “n” is underneath a fold in the paper.


and assistance of the writer and command his services at all times both professional and personal when You may think proper so to do. rest assured of the high Esteem and best wishes of Your friend
George Bachman

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

View Full Bio
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Source Note

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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Letter from George Bachman, 21 January 1843
ID #
972
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D11:353–355
Handwriting on This Page
  • George Bachman

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    George Bachman, Carthage, IL, to Moses Wilson, 20 Jan. 1843, copy, JS Collection, CHL.

  2. [2]

    Bachman was alluding to the biblical story of David and Jonathan, who entered into a covenant of friendship despite the efforts of Jonathan’s father, Saul, a political rival, to kill David. In order to alert him about Saul’s intentions, Jonathan developed a way to warn David by shooting arrows at a target near his position. Jonathan promised to send a servant to find the arrows that he shot and informed David that the directions he gave to this servant would signal whether David was in danger. If Jonathan said “the arrows are on this side of thee, take them,” David would know he was safe. But if Jonathan told the servant that the arrows had gone beyond him and he must go after them, it would be a sign for David to flee. (1 Samuel 18:1–4; 20:11–23.)

  3. [3]

    TEXT: “cas[page damaged]”.

  4. [4]

    TEXT: Page damaged; the “n” is underneath a fold in the paper.

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