Footnotes
Letter from Parley P. Pratt, 22 Nov. 1839. JS had taken steps to secure the original copyright for the Book of Mormon in upstate New York in June 1829. In making the request for permission to print more books, Pratt suggested that JS also consider “that the publication of the Book of Mormon in Europe, in English, French, German, and other languages be committed to the ‘Twelve,[’]” who were to “secure to you [JS] the Copy rights in the several goverments.” (Copyright for Book of Mormon, 11 June 1829; Letter from Parley P. Pratt, 22 Nov. 1839.)
On 16 April 1840, the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles met in Preston, England, to discuss the quorum’s missionary efforts in Great Britain. In addition to making decisions regarding a hymnbook and a newspaper—the Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star—the Twelve appointed Young, Kimball, and Pratt to secure British copyrights for the Doctrine and Covenants and the Book of Mormon. On 7 May 1840, Young wrote to JS to ask his thoughts regarding their efforts, noting that Saints were “calling for them [the books] for every quarter.” In July 1840, JS sent a letter (no longer extant) to Young that “gave them permission to publish the Book of Mormon, Doctrine and Covenants and Hymn Books” in England. In a 15 December 1840 letter to the Quorum of the Twelve, JS reiterated his satisfaction with their publishing efforts. (Woodruff, Journal, 16 Apr. 1840; Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Minutes, 16 Apr. 1840; Letter from Brigham Young, 7 May 1840; Note, in JS Letterbook 2, p. 153; Letter to Quorum of the Twelve, 15 Dec. 1840.)
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Minutes, 1840–1844. CHL.
John Tompkins, Estimate, 7 June 1840, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL; Brigham Young, Manchester, England, to Willard Richards, Ledbury, England, 17 June 1840, Willard Richards, Journals and Papers, CHL; Woodruff, Journal, 7 July 1840; J. Tompkins & Co., Liverpool, England, to Brigham Young, Heber C. Kimball, and Parley P. Pratt, Manchester, England, 8 Apr. 1841, Brigham Young Office Files, CHL.
Brigham Young Office Files, 1832–1878. CHL. CR 1234 1.
Richards, Willard. Journals and Papers, 1821–1854. CHL.
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
“Death of Mr. Thomas Fazakerley,” Millennial Star, 27 May 1889, 51:333–334.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Woodruff, Journal, 8 Feb. 1841, underlining in original; Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Minutes, 2 Apr. 1841; “From England,” Times and Seasons, June 1840, 1:121; see also Carter, “British Copyright Registrations,” 71–94.
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Minutes, 1840–1844. CHL.
Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.
Carter, Edward L. “‘Entered at Stationers’ Hall’: The British Copyright Registrations for the Book of Mormon in 1841 and the Doctrine and Covenants in 1845.” BYU Studies 50, no. 2 (2011): 71–94.
Woodruff, Journal, 20 Apr. 1841.
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
Some of the men listed in Pratt’s letter may have been among the financiers of the Book of Mormon. Brigham Young’s history explains that between 25 and 27 March 1841, Young and Richards were “engaged packing and sending off books of Mormon to pay those who had loaned us money to carry forward the printing and binding.” (Historian’s Office, Brigham Young History Drafts, 48.)
Historian’s Office. Brigham Young History Drafts, 1856–1858. CHL. CR 100 475, box 1, fd. 5.
Joseph F. Smith Jr., “The Library of the Church Historian’s Office,” Deseret Evening News (Salt Lake City), 23 Jan. 1904, 25; “Book of Mormon,” Millennial Star, Feb. 1841, 1:263–264.
Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Historical Introduction to Letter from Parley P. Pratt, between 23 and 27 Sept. 1842; “Emigration,” Millennial Star, Oct. 1842, 3:112.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Clayton, Journal, 7 Feb. 1843; JS, Journal, 8 Feb. 1843. Pratt sailed for New Orleans from Liverpool on the Emerald on 29 October 1842. (News Items, Millennial Star, Feb. 1843, 3:175.)
Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Morocco—— | 138. |
Calf—— | 297 |
Sheep—— | 1702 |
£. | s. | d. | |
George Comer—— | 20 " | 0 " | 0 |
—— | 6 " | 0 " | 0 |
—— | 14 " | 17 " | 0 |
—— | 10 " | 0 " | 0 |
—— | 20 " | 0 " | 0 |
D[itt]o. in lieu of Star—— | 18 " | 15 " | 0 |
Peter Armstrong—— | 16 " | 19 " | 6 |
106 " | 11 " | 6 |
On 2 April 1841, the apostles voted that Young, Kimball, and Pratt “settle the financial or business matters” related to the publishing of the Book of Mormon in consultation with JS, “to whom the profits rightly belong.” (Woodruff, Journal, 2 Apr. 1841; Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Minutes, 2 Apr. 1841.)
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Minutes, 1840–1844. CHL.
In 1835 Fazakerley opened a bookbinding shop in Liverpool. He was contracted to bind the British printing of the Book of Mormon. (“Death of Mr. Thomas Fazakerley,” Millennial Star, 27 May 1889, 51:333–334; “Our Portrait Gallery: No. 15—John Fazakerley,” 57.)
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
“Our Portrait Gallery: No. 15—John Fazakerley.” British Bookmaker 5, no. 51 (Sept. 1891): 57–58.
Morocco leather is a fine leather made from tanned goatskins. Copies of the 1841 Book of Mormon in Morocco leather sold for nine shillings retail. (“Leather,” in Ure, Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines, 768–769; Stocks, “Book of Mormon,” 73.)
Ure, Andrew. A Dictionary of Arts, Manufactures, and Mines: Containing a Clear Exposition of Their Principles and Practice. 2nd ed. London: Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1840.
Stocks, Hugh G. “The Book of Mormon, 1830–1879: A Publishing History.” Master’s thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, 1979.
Calfskin was a widely used leather in nineteenth-century bookbinding. (“Calf,” in American Dictionary of Printing and Bookmaking, 76–77.)
Pasko, Wesley Washington. American Dictionary of Printing and Bookmaking, Containing a History of These Arts in Europe and America, with Definitions of Technical Terms and Biographical Sketches. New York: Howard Lockwood, 1894. As excerpted in Richard-Gabriel Rummonds, Nineteenth-Century Printing Practices and the Iron Handpress, 2 vols. (New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2004).
Sheepskin was a commonly used leather in nineteenth-century bookbinding. It was frequently used for “small and cheap Bibles and cheap account-books.” It was cost effective, but it also tended to “break sooner than goat-skin or cowhide.” Copies of the 1841 Book of Mormon in sheepskin sold for five shillings retail. (“Leather,” and “Sheep,” in American Dictionary of Printing and Bookmaking, 334, 506; “List of Publications,” Millennial Star, June 1841, 2:32; “Notices,” Millennial Star, Aug. 1842, 3:80; Stocks, “Book of Mormon,” 73.)
Pasko, Wesley Washington. American Dictionary of Printing and Bookmaking, Containing a History of These Arts in Europe and America, with Definitions of Technical Terms and Biographical Sketches. New York: Howard Lockwood, 1894. As excerpted in Richard-Gabriel Rummonds, Nineteenth-Century Printing Practices and the Iron Handpress, 2 vols. (New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press, 2004).
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Stocks, Hugh G. “The Book of Mormon, 1830–1879: A Publishing History.” Master’s thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, 1979.
It is possible that four shillings sixpence was the wholesale cost for sheepskin copies of the Book of Mormon, while the resale cost of the books was advertised as five shillings. (Stocks, “Book of Mormon,” 73.)
Stocks, Hugh G. “The Book of Mormon, 1830–1879: A Publishing History.” Master’s thesis, University of California at Los Angeles, 1979.
“£.,” “s.,” and “d.” are abbreviations derived from the Latin monetary denominations of librae, solidi, and denarii. In the United Kingdom, they represented pounds, shillings, and pence, respectively. (Martin and Graves, Pounds, Shillings and Pence, x.)
Martin, T., and John Thomas Graves. Pounds, Shillings, and Pence; or, A Series of Money Calculations on a Novel System; Illustrated by Examples Shewing the Method of Performing Them in the Mind, with Less Than One Fourth of the Usual Labour. London: Simpkin, Marshall, 1842.
According to these numbers, Comer had sold approximately eighty-eight copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
According to these numbers, Fielding had sold approximately twenty-six copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
According to these numbers, Taylor had sold sixty-six copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
According to these numbers, Fielding had sold approximately forty-four copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
According to these numbers, Pratt had sold approximately eighty-eight copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
According to these numbers, Pratt had sold approximately eighty-three copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon on behalf of the Millennial Star, probably through advertisements.
According to these numbers, Armstrong had sold approximately seventy-five copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon.
These numbers account for the money yielded from the sale of 473 copies of the 1841 edition of the Book of Mormon at four shillings sixpence per book. The numbers do not add up perfectly, suggesting that the missionaries who sold copies of the book did not strictly adhere to the rate of four shillings and sixpence per copy.