Footnotes

1. [1]

   “Great Fire at Liverpool,” Morning Chronicle (London), 24 Sept. 1842, [3]; “Extensive Fire at Liverpool,” Coventry (England) Standard and General Advertiser, 30 Sept. 1842, [2]; “Most Destructive Fire and Loss of Life in Liverpool,” Liverpool (England) Mail, 24 Sept. 1842, [2].

   Morning Chronicle. London. 1789–1865.

   Coventry Standard and Daily Advertiser. Coventry, England. 1836–1918.

   Liverpool Mail. Liverpool. 1836–1880.

2. [2]

   Throughout their mission to England, the majority of the apostles had commented on the circumstances of the poor in that country. In March 1840, Willard Richards wrote to his brother that “hundreds of thousands are short of food,” with beggars being “almost as common as stones in the street.” While making his second visit to England, Heber C. Kimball was surprised at the population’s circumstances, which had worsened since he had left England. He found that “thousands are out of employ, and . . . famishing for want of bread.” Brigham Young was similarly surprised by the circumstances, writing to his wife Mary Ann Angell Young that if she “could but see and have a knolidge of the inhabtence of this contry,” her “hart would be pained” because the many who were out of work and did not even have the privilege of “asking for somthing to eat if hungry.” According to Brigham, it was “the gratest unequalety . . . that I ever saw in my life.” (Willard Richards to William Richards, 5 Mar. 1840, pp. 11–13, typescript, Richards Family Papers, CHL; Heber C. Kimball, Manchester, England, to Vilate Murray Kimball, Commerce, IL, 27 May 1840, CHL; Letter from Heber C. Kimball, 9 July 1840; Brigham Young, Liverpool, England, to Mary Ann Angell Young, Commerce, IL, 6 Apr. 1840; Brigham Young, Liverpool, England, to Mary Ann Angell Young, Nauvoo, IL, 13 Mar. 1841, George W. Thatcher Blair Collection, CHL.)

   “Richards Family Letters 1840–1849.” Typescript. Richards Family Papers, 1965. CHL.

   Kimball, Heber C. Letter, Manchester, England, to Vilate Murray Kimball, Commerce, IL, 27 May 1840. CHL.

   Blair, George W. Thatcher. Collection, 1837–1988. CHL.

3. [3]

   See Letter from Hiram Clark and Others, 21 Oct. 1842.

4. [4]

   The ships carrying the companies led by Hyde and Snider left Liverpool for New Orleans on 25 and 28 September, respectively. (“Emigration,” Millennial Star, Oct. 1842, 3:112.)

   Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.

5. [5]

   JS, Journal, 7 Dec. 1842 and 23 Jan. 1843.