Footnotes
“Obituary of Leo Hawkins,” Millennial Star, 30 July 1859, 21:496–497.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Bitton and Arrington, Mormons and Their Historians, 48–52, 55.
Bitton, David, and Leonard J. Arrington. Mormons and Their Historians. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1988.
See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.
Footnotes
Edema is defined as a “a swelling produced by the presence of serous fluid in the oreolar tissue or in the substance of a part.” The cause of Smith’s edema is not known, though it was apparently located in her abdomen. (“Oedema,” in Oxford English Dictionary, 7:65; Huntington, Cemetery Records, [26].)
Oxford English Dictionary. Compact ed. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 12; “Funeral of Mrs. Caroline Smith,” Times and Seasons, 1 June 1845, 6:920; Clayton, Journal, 10 May 1843; Smith, “History of Philadelphia Branch,” 117; William Smith, Hornerstown, NJ, to Jedediah M. Grant, Philadelphia, PA, 26 Nov. 1843, in Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 13; Letter from Jedediah M. Grant, 17 or 18 Aug. 1843.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.
Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.
Smith, Walter W. “History of Philadelphia Branch.” Journal of History 12 (Jan. 1919): 111–118.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 12, 16.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 13, 15–19.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Smith, “History of Philadelphia Branch,” 117–118.
Smith, Walter W. “History of Philadelphia Branch.” Journal of History 12 (Jan. 1919): 111–118.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 2.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Bugbear is defined as an object or source of fear or dread. In the 1834 publication Mormonism Unvailed, Eber D. Howe argued that the word Mormon meant “bug-bear, hob-goblin, raw head, and bloody bones.” The 15 May 1843 issue of the Times and Seasons published a letter attributed to JS that specifically addressed misconceptions about the meaning of the word Mormon; however, such misconceptions persisted. On 13 September 1843, the editor of the Wellsboro, Pennsylvania, Tioga Eagle argued that Mormon was a Greek word defined as a “bugbear.” The editor further asserted: “Mormons, then, the anglicised word, or the derivative as comprehending the people may be defined ‘Devotees to bugbears, hobgoblins and spectres.’” (“Bugbear,” in Oxford English Dictionary, 1:1160; Howe, Mormonism Unvailed, 21; Historical Introduction to Letter to Editor, ca. 20 May 1843; “Mormon, Is a Greek Word,” Tioga Eagle [Wellsboro, PA], 13 Sept. 1843, [2].)
Oxford English Dictionary. Compact ed. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Howe, Eber D. Mormonism Unvailed: Or, A Faithful Account of That Singular Imposition and Delusion, from Its Rise to the Present Time. With Sketches of the Characters of Its Propagators, and a Full Detail of the Manner in Which the Famous Golden Bible Was Brought before the World. To Which Are Added, Inquiries into the Probability That the Historical Part of the Said Bible Was Written by One Solomon Spalding, More Than Twenty Years Ago, and by Him Intended to Have Been Published as a Romance. Painesville, OH: By the author, 1834.
Tioga Eagle. Wellsboro, PA. 1838–1856/1857.
In April 1843, members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles were appointed agents to collect donations for the Nauvoo House and Nauvoo temple. In August, Brigham Young, Wilford Woodruff, Heber C. Kimball, Orson Pratt, John E. Page, and George A. Smith arrived in Philadelphia, where they preached and visited local branches of the church. Quorum members later traveled north to visit branches in New York. (Minutes and Discourses, 6–7 Apr. 1843; Woodruff, Journal, 4–23 Aug. 1843; George A. Smith, Philadelphia, PA, to Bathsheba Bigler Smith, Nauvoo, IL, 14–16 Aug. 1843, George Albert Smith, Papers, CHL.)
Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.
Smith, George Albert. Papers, 1834–1877. CHL. MS 1322.
On 23 June 1843, JS was arrested near Dixon, Illinois, in a third attempt to extradite him to Missouri to face charges for his role in the 1838 “Mormon War.” JS later petitioned for and was granted a writ of habeas corpus from the Nauvoo Municipal Court. On 1 July 1843, the court discharged JS from arrest. (Historical Introduction to Letter from Edward Southwick, 7 Aug. 1843; see also “Joseph Smith Documents from March through July 1843”.)
August and September were typically full of sickness and death in Nauvoo due to the prevalence of infectious diseases such as malaria, canker, measles, and whooping cough. Minutes of the 2 September 1843 meeting of the Relief Society indicate that “more than twenty families” were “sick and suffering” at the time. William Clayton noted that Emma Smith was “very sick” on 8 September, a condition that apparently lasted through at least 11 September, when she was reported as feeling “some better.” (Ivie and Heiner, “Deaths in Early Nauvoo,” 163–168, 170–172; Relief Society Minute Book, 2 Sept. 1843, [113], in Derr et al., First Fifty Years of Relief Society, 118–119; Clayton, Journal, 8 Sept. 1843; JS, Journal, 8–11 Sept. 1843.)
Ivie, Evan L., and Douglas C. Heiner. “Deaths in Early Nauvoo, 1839–46, and Winter Quarters, 1846–48.” Religious Educator 10, no. 3 (2009): 163–173.
Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.