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Letter to Thomas Ford, 11 December 1843

Source Note

JS, Letter,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, to
Thomas Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
,
Springfield

Settled by 1819. Incorporated as town, 1832. Became capital of Illinois, 1837. Incorporated as city, 1840. Sangamon Co. seat. Population in 1840 about 2,600. Stake of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints organized in Springfield, Nov. 1840; discontinued...

More Info
, Sangamon Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843. Featured version drafted 11 Dec. 1843; handwriting of
William W. Phelps

17 Feb. 1792–7 Mar. 1872. Writer, teacher, printer, newspaper editor, publisher, postmaster, lawyer. Born at Hanover, Morris Co., New Jersey. Son of Enon Phelps and Mehitabel Goldsmith. Moved to Homer, Cortland Co., New York, 1800. Married Sally Waterman,...

View Full Bio
; one page; JS Collection, CHL. Includes docket and archival marking.
Single leaf, now measuring 7¼ × 7⅞ inches (18 × 20 cm). After
Phelps

17 Feb. 1792–7 Mar. 1872. Writer, teacher, printer, newspaper editor, publisher, postmaster, lawyer. Born at Hanover, Morris Co., New Jersey. Son of Enon Phelps and Mehitabel Goldsmith. Moved to Homer, Cortland Co., New York, 1800. Married Sally Waterman,...

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drafted the letter on what was originally a larger sheet, he or another scribe inscribed another document on the bottom of the same page. The two documents were subsequently separated, though several ascenders from the second document remain visible along the bottom edge of the featured document. The letter is inscribed on the recto, and the verso is blank except for an added docket. The document was later folded for filing and docketed.
The letter was docketed likely on or near 11 December 1843 by
Thomas Bullock

23 Dec. 1816–10 Feb. 1885. Farmer, excise officer, secretary, clerk. Born in Leek, Staffordshire, England. Son of Thomas Bullock and Mary Hall. Married Henrietta Rushton, 25 June 1838. Moved to Ardee, Co. Louth, Ireland, Nov. 1839; to Isle of Anglesey, Aug...

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, who served as JS’s scribe from 1843 to 1844.
1

Jessee, “Writing of Joseph Smith’s History,” 456. In December 1843, Bullock docketed and copied many of JS’s letters as well as municipal and legal documents so that copies could be forwarded to Illinois governor Thomas Ford. (See, for example, Affidavit from Daniel Avery, 28 Dec. 1843.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jessee, Dean C. “The Writing of Joseph Smith’s History.” BYU Studies 11 (Summer 1971): 439–473.

The letter may be listed in an inventory produced by the Church Historian’s Office (later Church Historical Department) circa 1904.
2

Although the CHL currently houses seven letters written between Thomas Ford and JS in 1843, the earlier inventory identifies only four. (“Letters to and from the Prophet,” ca. 1904, [3], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

By 1973 the document had been included in the JS Collection at the Church Historical Department (now CHL).
3

See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.


The document’s early docket and later inclusion in the JS Collection suggest continuous institutional custody.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Jessee, “Writing of Joseph Smith’s History,” 456. In December 1843, Bullock docketed and copied many of JS’s letters as well as municipal and legal documents so that copies could be forwarded to Illinois governor Thomas Ford. (See, for example, Affidavit from Daniel Avery, 28 Dec. 1843.)

    Jessee, Dean C. “The Writing of Joseph Smith’s History.” BYU Studies 11 (Summer 1971): 439–473.

  2. [2]

    Although the CHL currently houses seven letters written between Thomas Ford and JS in 1843, the earlier inventory identifies only four. (“Letters to and from the Prophet,” ca. 1904, [3], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.)

    Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

  3. [3]

    See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.

Historical Introduction

On 11 December 1843, JS wrote a letter from
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Illinois, to
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
governor
Thomas Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
in
Springfield

Settled by 1819. Incorporated as town, 1832. Became capital of Illinois, 1837. Incorporated as city, 1840. Sangamon Co. seat. Population in 1840 about 2,600. Stake of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints organized in Springfield, Nov. 1840; discontinued...

More Info
, Illinois, updating him on the latest intelligence regarding the kidnappings of
Philander Avery

13 June 1822 or 1823–9 May 1907. Farmer. Born in Franklin Co., Ohio. Son of Daniel Avery and Margaret Adams. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry, Franklin Co., by June 1830; to Colwell, Schuyler Co., Illinois, 1832; to Rushville, Schuyler...

View Full Bio
and his father,
Daniel Avery

1 July 1797–16 Oct. 1851. Farmer, carpenter. Born in Oswego Co., New York. Son of Daniel Avery and Sarah. Moved to Franklin Co., Ohio, by 1821. Married Margaret Adams, 4 Jan. 1821, in Franklin Co. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry...

View Full Bio
, which occurred in November and December.
1

See “Part 5: December 1843.”


JS had written to Ford five days earlier, enclosing an affidavit from
Dellmore Chapman

28 Dec. 1804–23 Apr. 1857. Farmer. Born in Ellington, Tolland Co., Connecticut. Son of Hosea Chapman and Patty Converse. Purchased land in central Hancock Co., Illinois, 1829. Owned land southwest of Nauvoo, Hancock Co., by 1842. Swore affidavit before JS...

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that described the kidnappings and requesting advice on how to respond. In that letter, JS promised to “forward, as soon as they can be had all the facts relative to the case.”
2

Affidavit from Dellmore Chapman and Letter to Thomas Ford, 6 Dec. 1843.


In the days after Chapman swore out his affidavit, rumors of possible kidnapping or extradition attempts led JS to mobilize a portion of the
Nauvoo Legion

A contingent of the Illinois state militia provided for in the Nauvoo city charter. The Nauvoo Legion was organized into two cohorts: one infantry and one cavalry. Each cohort could potentially comprise several thousand men and was overseen by a brigadier...

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to defend the city and its residents. The rumors also prompted the Nauvoo City Council to pass an ordinance intended to protect JS and others from possible extradition; however, no further concrete evidence regarding the Avery kidnappings apparently came to light until 11 December, when JS forwarded another affidavit.
3

See Mayor’s Order to Henry G. Sherwood, 8 Dec. 1843; Requisition from Henry G. Sherwood, 8 Dec. 1843; Military Order to Wilson Law, 8 Dec. 1843; and Ordinance, 8 Dec. 1843.


On 11 December,
Latter-day Saint

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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Sisson A. Chase

1 Oct. 1809–4 Apr. 1872. Farmer, laborer. Born in Bristol, Addison Co., Vermont. Son of Abner Chase and Amy Scott. Married Miriam Gove, 16 May 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Ezra Chase, 1840. Moved to Lincoln, Addison Co...

View Full Bio
appeared before Justice of the Peace
Aaron Johnson

22 June 1806–10 May 1877. Farmer, gunmaker. Born in Haddam, Middlesex Co., Connecticut. Son of Didymus Johnson and Ruhamah Stephens. Joined Methodist church, early 1820s. Married Polly Zeruah Kelsey, 13 Sept. 1827, in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut...

View Full Bio
and testified that on 2 December, he heard
Hancock County

Formed from Pike Co., 1825. Described in 1837 as predominantly prairie and “deficient in timber.” Early settlers came mainly from mid-Atlantic and southern states. Population in 1835 about 3,200; in 1840 about 9,900; and in 1844 at least 15,000. Carthage ...

More Info
, Illinois, resident and active member of the Anti-Mormon political party
John Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

View Full Bio
say that he was going to hunt turkeys armed with “a brace of pistols and a large hickory cane,” which Chase thought was odd. Chase saw Elliott again the next day and asked if his hunt was successful. Elliott responded that he caught “the one he was after ‘a Mormon
Elder

A male leader in the church generally; an ecclesiastical and priesthood office or one holding that office; a proselytizing missionary. The Book of Mormon explained that elders ordained priests and teachers and administered “the flesh and blood of Christ unto...

View Glossary
’” named
Daniel Avery

1 July 1797–16 Oct. 1851. Farmer, carpenter. Born in Oswego Co., New York. Son of Daniel Avery and Sarah. Moved to Franklin Co., Ohio, by 1821. Married Margaret Adams, 4 Jan. 1821, in Franklin Co. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry...

View Full Bio
, and took him to Clark County, Missouri. Chase claimed that Elliott later threatened that “if any Mormon makes any business with me, I will shoot him.”
4

Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860, BYU; see also Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, in “Kidnapping,” Nauvoo Neighbor, 20 Dec. 1843, [2]; and “Meeting of Citizens at Carthage,” Warsaw (IL) Message, Extra, 17 Jan. 1844, [2].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860. Twentieth-Century Western and Mormon Manuscripts. BYU.

Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.

Warsaw Message. Warsaw, IL. 1843–1844.

Although he swore out the affidavit before
Johnson

22 June 1806–10 May 1877. Farmer, gunmaker. Born in Haddam, Middlesex Co., Connecticut. Son of Didymus Johnson and Ruhamah Stephens. Joined Methodist church, early 1820s. Married Polly Zeruah Kelsey, 13 Sept. 1827, in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut...

View Full Bio
,
Chase

1 Oct. 1809–4 Apr. 1872. Farmer, laborer. Born in Bristol, Addison Co., Vermont. Son of Abner Chase and Amy Scott. Married Miriam Gove, 16 May 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Ezra Chase, 1840. Moved to Lincoln, Addison Co...

View Full Bio
apparently did so at JS’s home sometime in the morning on 11 December, with
William W. Phelps

17 Feb. 1792–7 Mar. 1872. Writer, teacher, printer, newspaper editor, publisher, postmaster, lawyer. Born at Hanover, Morris Co., New Jersey. Son of Enon Phelps and Mehitabel Goldsmith. Moved to Homer, Cortland Co., New York, 1800. Married Sally Waterman,...

View Full Bio
, one of JS’s clerks, serving as scribe.
5

See Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860, BYU. In his journal, William W. Phelps reported that he heard “bro S. A. Chase’s testimony concerning Elliott Kidnapping D. Avery” in the morning at JS’s residence. (Clayton, Journal, 11 Dec. 1843.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860. Twentieth-Century Western and Mormon Manuscripts. BYU.

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

One of JS’s scribes apparently copied the sworn affidavit, and Phelps drafted a cover letter on behalf of JS. JS then forwarded the copy of the affidavit and presumably a clean copy of the cover letter to the governor. Although the letter did not identify which affidavit JS was sending to the governor,
Thomas Bullock

23 Dec. 1816–10 Feb. 1885. Farmer, excise officer, secretary, clerk. Born in Leek, Staffordshire, England. Son of Thomas Bullock and Mary Hall. Married Henrietta Rushton, 25 June 1838. Moved to Ardee, Co. Louth, Ireland, Nov. 1839; to Isle of Anglesey, Aug...

View Full Bio
’s docket identified the document as “Letter to the Governor of Illinois with Affidavit of Sisson A Chase.” It is unclear when or how JS sent the letter, and there is no known response from
Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
. However, Chase’s affidavit served as the basis for legal action against
Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

View Full Bio
later in December.
6

See Complaint, 18 Dec. 1843; and “Kidnapping,” Nauvoo Neighbor, 20 Dec. 1843, [2].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.

The letter sent to
Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
is apparently not extant, and the draft is featured here. There are no other known versions.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See “Part 5: December 1843.”

  2. [2]

    Affidavit from Dellmore Chapman and Letter to Thomas Ford, 6 Dec. 1843.

  3. [3]

    See Mayor’s Order to Henry G. Sherwood, 8 Dec. 1843; Requisition from Henry G. Sherwood, 8 Dec. 1843; Military Order to Wilson Law, 8 Dec. 1843; and Ordinance, 8 Dec. 1843.

  4. [4]

    Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860, BYU; see also Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, in “Kidnapping,” Nauvoo Neighbor, 20 Dec. 1843, [2]; and “Meeting of Citizens at Carthage,” Warsaw (IL) Message, Extra, 17 Jan. 1844, [2].

    Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860. Twentieth-Century Western and Mormon Manuscripts. BYU.

    Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.

    Warsaw Message. Warsaw, IL. 1843–1844.

  5. [5]

    See Sisson A. Chase, Affidavit, Hancock Co., IL, 11 Dec. 1843, Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860, BYU. In his journal, William W. Phelps reported that he heard “bro S. A. Chase’s testimony concerning Elliott Kidnapping D. Avery” in the morning at JS’s residence. (Clayton, Journal, 11 Dec. 1843.)

    Hancock Co., IL, Circuit Court Legal Documents, 1839–1860. Twentieth-Century Western and Mormon Manuscripts. BYU.

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

  6. [6]

    See Complaint, 18 Dec. 1843; and “Kidnapping,” Nauvoo Neighbor, 20 Dec. 1843, [2].

    Nauvoo Neighbor. Nauvoo, IL. 1843–1845.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation.
*Letter to Thomas Ford, 11 December 1843
History, 1838–1856, volume E-1 [1 July 1843–30 April 1844] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page [1]

Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Dec. 11th. 1843.
Sir:— I herewith forward your
Excellen[c]y

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
another affidavit on the subject of the late Kidnapping. and shall continue <​the same​> as they come to hand,
1

On 30 December 1843, William W. Phelps sent Thomas Ford a third letter containing further affidavits. (William W. Phelps, Nauvoo, IL, to Thomas Ford, Springfield, IL, 30 Dec. 1843, JS Office Papers, CHL.)


expecting your cordial Co-operation in the prossesses, that the laws may be magnified and made honorable, and our lives held precious, as well as our friends saved from jeopardy— and the “captives freed.”
2

This was possibly a reference to Isaiah 61:1 or Luke 4:18.


Respectfully I have the hono[r] to be your obt. Ser[van]t
Joseph Smith
His Excy.
Thomas Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

View Full Bio
Gov.
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
Springfield

Settled by 1819. Incorporated as town, 1832. Became capital of Illinois, 1837. Incorporated as city, 1840. Sangamon Co. seat. Population in 1840 about 2,600. Stake of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints organized in Springfield, Nov. 1840; discontinued...

More Info
Ill. [p. [1]]
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Source Note

Document Transcript

Page [1]

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Letter to Thomas Ford, 11 December 1843
ID #
1224
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D13:358–360
Handwriting on This Page
  • William W. Phelps

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    On 30 December 1843, William W. Phelps sent Thomas Ford a third letter containing further affidavits. (William W. Phelps, Nauvoo, IL, to Thomas Ford, Springfield, IL, 30 Dec. 1843, JS Office Papers, CHL.)

  2. [2]

    This was possibly a reference to Isaiah 61:1 or Luke 4:18.

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