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Note, circa 24 May 1839

Source Note

JS, Note,
Commerce

Located near middle of western boundary of state, bordering Mississippi River. European Americans settled area, 1820s. From bank of river, several feet above high-water mark, ground described as nearly level for six or seven blocks before gradually sloping...

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, ca. 24 May 1839. Featured version copied [between 29 May and 30 Oct. 1839] in JS Letterbook 2, p. 47; handwriting of
James Mulholland

1804–3 Nov. 1839. Born in Ireland. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Married Sarah Scott, 8 Feb. 1838/1839, at Far West, Caldwell Co., Missouri. Engaged in clerical work for JS, 1838, at Far West. Ordained a seventy, 28 Dec. 1838....

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; JS Collection, CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for JS Letterbook 2.

Historical Introduction

On or around 24 May 1839, JS created a note approving recent items of
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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business in
Commerce

Located near middle of western boundary of state, bordering Mississippi River. European Americans settled area, 1820s. From bank of river, several feet above high-water mark, ground described as nearly level for six or seven blocks before gradually sloping...

More Info
, Illinois. First, he sanctioned a statement from the
Quorum of the Twelve Apostles

Members of a governing body in the church, with special administrative and proselytizing responsibilities. A June 1829 revelation commanded Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer to call twelve disciples, similar to the twelve apostles in the New Testament and ...

View Glossary
concerning recent proceedings of the Quorums of the
Seventy

A priesthood office with the responsibility to travel and preach and assist the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, similar to the seventy in the New Testament. In February and March 1835, the first members of the Seventy were selected and ordained. All of those...

View Glossary
, which acted under the direction of the Twelve.
1

Instruction on Priesthood, between ca. 1 Mar. and ca. 4 May 1835 [D&C 107:34].


Consequently, the apostles, who acted under the direction of the
First Presidency

The highest presiding body of the church. An 11 November 1831 revelation stated that the president of the high priesthood was to preside over the church. JS was ordained as president of the high priesthood on 25 January 1832. In March 1832, JS appointed two...

View Glossary
, brought the proceedings of the seventies to JS for review.
Second, JS indicated his approval of the proposed mission of the apostles to Europe. During the general
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
of the church on 4–5 May 1839 and a meeting for leaders on 6 May, the Saints approved resolutions that the apostles, along with some seventies and
high priests

An ecclesiastical and priesthood office. Christ and many ancient prophets, including Abraham, were described as being high priests. The Book of Mormon used the term high priest to denote one appointed to lead the church. However, the Book of Mormon also discussed...

View Glossary
, should embark on a mission to Europe.
2

Minutes, 4–5 May 1839; Minutes, 6 May 1839.


Seven of the apostles—
Brigham Young

1 June 1801–29 Aug. 1877. Carpenter, painter, glazier, colonizer. Born at Whitingham, Windham Co., Vermont. Son of John Young and Abigail (Nabby) Howe. Brought up in Methodist household; later joined Methodist church. Moved to Sherburne, Chenango Co., New...

View Full Bio
,
Heber C. Kimball

14 June 1801–22 June 1868. Blacksmith, potter. Born at Sheldon, Franklin Co., Vermont. Son of Solomon Farnham Kimball and Anna Spaulding. Married Vilate Murray, 22 Nov. 1822, at Mendon, Monroe Co., New York. Member of Baptist church at Mendon, 1831. Baptized...

View Full Bio
,
Orson Pratt

19 Sept. 1811–3 Oct. 1881. Farmer, writer, teacher, merchant, surveyor, editor, publisher. Born at Hartford, Washington Co., New York. Son of Jared Pratt and Charity Dickinson. Moved to New Lebanon, Columbia Co., New York, 1814; to Canaan, Columbia Co., fall...

View Full Bio
,
John Taylor

1 Nov. 1808–25 July 1887. Preacher, editor, publisher, politician. Born at Milnthorpe, Westmoreland, England. Son of James Taylor and Agnes Taylor, members of Church of England. Around age sixteen, joined Methodist church and was local preacher. Migrated ...

View Full Bio
,
John E. Page

25 Feb. 1799–14 Oct. 1867. Born at Trenton, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Ebenezer Page and Rachel Hill. Married first Betsey Thompson, 1831, in Huron Co., Ohio. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Emer Harris, 18 Aug. 1833, at Brownhelm...

View Full Bio
,
Wilford Woodruff

1 Mar. 1807–2 Sept. 1898. Farmer, miller. Born at Farmington, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of Aphek Woodruff and Beulah Thompson. Moved to Richland, Oswego Co., New York, 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Zera Pulsipher,...

View Full Bio
, and
George A. Smith

26 June 1817–1 Sept. 1875. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Son of John Smith and Clarissa Lyman. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Joseph H. Wakefield, 10 Sept. 1832, at Potsdam. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio,...

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—had recently returned from
Far West

Originally called Shoal Creek. Located fifty-five miles northeast of Independence. Surveyed 1823; first settled by whites, 1831. Site purchased, 8 Aug. 1836, before Caldwell Co. was organized for Latter-day Saints in Missouri. William W. Phelps and John Whitmer...

More Info
, Missouri, where on 26 April 1839 they met at the
temple site

Plans for Far West included temple on central block. Latter-day Saints in Caldwell Co. made preparations for construction and commenced excavating for foundation, 3 July 1837. However, while visiting Latter-day Saints in Far West, 6 Nov. 1837, JS gave instructions...

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, as directed by revelation, in preparation for undertaking their transatlantic mission.
3

Historian’s Office, General Church Minutes, 26 Apr. 1839; Letter to Heber C. Kimball and Brigham Young, 16 Jan. 1839; see also Revelation, 8 July 1838–A [D&C 118:4–5].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Historian’s Office. General Church Minutes, 1839–1877. CHL

The date of JS’s note is uncertain.
James Mulholland

1804–3 Nov. 1839. Born in Ireland. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Married Sarah Scott, 8 Feb. 1838/1839, at Far West, Caldwell Co., Missouri. Engaged in clerical work for JS, 1838, at Far West. Ordained a seventy, 28 Dec. 1838....

View Full Bio
dated the note 24 May 1839 when he copied it into JS Letterbook 2. JS’s journal indicates that JS dictated letters and “attend[ed] to the various business of the Church” from 20 to 24 May, which aligns with Mulholland’s dating.
4

JS, Journal, 20–24 May 1839.


However, the journal entry dated 25 May states that JS “met in conference with the twelve, and others of the church.”
5

JS, Journal, 25 May 1839. Woodruff indicated that on 25 May, five of the twelve apostles traveled from Montrose, Iowa Territory, to Commerce and “spent the day in Council with Joseph.” While no minutes from that council meeting are extant, various sources indicate that the meeting included the reinstatement of William Smith to full fellowship, discussion of the recent publication of Lyman Wight’s letters in the Quincy Whig, and considerable instruction from JS. (Woodruff, Journal, 24–25 May 1839; Letter to Lyman Wight, 27 May 1839.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.

Because the text of the note suggests it was drafted as a result of a council meeting or conference, the note was perhaps created in response to proceedings of the 25 May conference, for which there are no minutes. JS’s original note, which is apparently not extant, may have been misdated, or Mulholland may have made an error when he copied the note into the letterbook.
6

Mulholland copied his own 29 May 1839 letter to Edward Partridge on page 15 of JS Letterbook 2, making that the earliest likely copying date for documents he subsequently copied but that had dates preceding 29 May.


Several elements in the text indicate JS authored the note. These elements include the note’s reference to “myself”; the inclusion of JS’s full name—possibly a signature in the original—after the first approved item; and his initials at the end of the second approved item. It is unknown whether he drafted the original himself or dictated it to a scribe. It appears that Mulholland copied the original note when he inscribed the text in Letterbook 2 between 29 May and 30 October 1839.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Instruction on Priesthood, between ca. 1 Mar. and ca. 4 May 1835 [D&C 107:34].

  2. [2]

    Minutes, 4–5 May 1839; Minutes, 6 May 1839.

  3. [3]

    Historian’s Office, General Church Minutes, 26 Apr. 1839; Letter to Heber C. Kimball and Brigham Young, 16 Jan. 1839; see also Revelation, 8 July 1838–A [D&C 118:4–5].

    Historian’s Office. General Church Minutes, 1839–1877. CHL

  4. [4]

    JS, Journal, 20–24 May 1839.

  5. [5]

    JS, Journal, 25 May 1839. Woodruff indicated that on 25 May, five of the twelve apostles traveled from Montrose, Iowa Territory, to Commerce and “spent the day in Council with Joseph.” While no minutes from that council meeting are extant, various sources indicate that the meeting included the reinstatement of William Smith to full fellowship, discussion of the recent publication of Lyman Wight’s letters in the Quincy Whig, and considerable instruction from JS. (Woodruff, Journal, 24–25 May 1839; Letter to Lyman Wight, 27 May 1839.)

    Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.

  6. [6]

    Mulholland copied his own 29 May 1839 letter to Edward Partridge on page 15 of JS Letterbook 2, making that the earliest likely copying date for documents he subsequently copied but that had dates preceding 29 May.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation.
*Note, circa 24 May 1839
Letterbook 2 History, 1838–1856, volume C-1 [2 November 1838–31 July 1842] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page 47

May 24th 1839
Commerce

Located near middle of western boundary of state, bordering Mississippi River. European Americans settled area, 1820s. From bank of river, several feet above high-water mark, ground described as nearly level for six or seven blocks before gradually sloping...

More Info
Ill.
Statement made by the
Twelve

Members of a governing body in the church, with special administrative and proselytizing responsibilities. A June 1829 revelation commanded Oliver Cowdery and David Whitmer to call twelve disciples, similar to the twelve apostles in the New Testament and ...

View Glossary
of the proceedings of the
Seventies

A priesthood office with the responsibility to travel and preach and assist the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, similar to the seventy in the New Testament. In February and March 1835, the first members of the Seventy were selected and ordained. All of those...

View Glossary
, Satisfactorily to myself and therefore Sanctioned.
1

The Quorums of the Seventy met in council on 12, 14, and 19 May 1839. The proceedings mentioned in this note could have been a report of any or all of these meetings, since members of the Twelve were present at all three. At these meetings, participants discussed regulations for foreign and domestic missions, the necessity for quorum members to keep their families in order, and financial support for the presidents of the Seventy. The apostles may have presented to JS the seventies’ 12 May resolutions to select some of their members to accompany the apostles on the mission to Europe and to provide those men with letters of recommendation. (Quorums of the Seventy, “Book of Records,” 71–78.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Record of Seventies / First Council of the Seventy. “Book of Records,” 1837–1843. Bk. A. In First Council of the Seventy, Records, 1837–1885. CHL. CR 3 51, box 1, fd. 1.

Joseph Smith Jr
Presiding Elder

A leader over a local ecclesiastical unit of the church; also a title indicating the leading officers of the church. When the church was organized, JS and Oliver Cowdery were ordained as first and second elders, respectively, distinguishing them as the church...

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of the
Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
.
Also approve of the Twelve going to
England

Island nation consisting of southern portion of Great Britain and surrounding smaller islands. Bounded on north by Scotland and on west by Wales. Became province of Roman Empire, first century. Ruled by Romans, through 447. Ruled by Picts, Scots, and Saxons...

More Info
&c,
2

A revelation JS dictated on 8 July 1838 directed the apostles to go on a mission “over the great waters” in 1839. It appears that the elders intended to travel first to England, where Kimball and others preached in 1837, and from there expand their proselytizing to other European countries. Woodruff used “England” and “Europe” interchangeably when referring to the missionaries’ destination, and James Mulholland addressed a letter of recommendation to his Irish relatives for “those of the European Mission who shall visit Ireland.” JS’s journal entry on 7 July describes the 1839 mission broadly as “this most important mission. viz to the nations of the earth, and the Islands of the sea.” (Revelation, 8 July 1838–A [D&C 118:4]; Woodruff, Journal, 4 May 1839; 8 and 17 June 1839; James Mulholland, Letter of Introduction, Commerce, IL, 10 July 1839, CHL; JS, Journal, 7 July 1839; see also Recommendation for Heber C. Kimball, between 2 and 13 June 1837.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.

Mulholland, James. Letter of Introduction, Commerce, IL, for Heber C. Kimball et al., 10 July 1839. CHL.

J. S. [p. 47]
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Source Note

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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Note, circa 24 May 1839
ID #
1618
Total Pages
1
Print Volume Location
JSP, D6:476–477
Handwriting on This Page
  • James Mulholland

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    The Quorums of the Seventy met in council on 12, 14, and 19 May 1839. The proceedings mentioned in this note could have been a report of any or all of these meetings, since members of the Twelve were present at all three. At these meetings, participants discussed regulations for foreign and domestic missions, the necessity for quorum members to keep their families in order, and financial support for the presidents of the Seventy. The apostles may have presented to JS the seventies’ 12 May resolutions to select some of their members to accompany the apostles on the mission to Europe and to provide those men with letters of recommendation. (Quorums of the Seventy, “Book of Records,” 71–78.)

    Record of Seventies / First Council of the Seventy. “Book of Records,” 1837–1843. Bk. A. In First Council of the Seventy, Records, 1837–1885. CHL. CR 3 51, box 1, fd. 1.

  2. [2]

    A revelation JS dictated on 8 July 1838 directed the apostles to go on a mission “over the great waters” in 1839. It appears that the elders intended to travel first to England, where Kimball and others preached in 1837, and from there expand their proselytizing to other European countries. Woodruff used “England” and “Europe” interchangeably when referring to the missionaries’ destination, and James Mulholland addressed a letter of recommendation to his Irish relatives for “those of the European Mission who shall visit Ireland.” JS’s journal entry on 7 July describes the 1839 mission broadly as “this most important mission. viz to the nations of the earth, and the Islands of the sea.” (Revelation, 8 July 1838–A [D&C 118:4]; Woodruff, Journal, 4 May 1839; 8 and 17 June 1839; James Mulholland, Letter of Introduction, Commerce, IL, 10 July 1839, CHL; JS, Journal, 7 July 1839; see also Recommendation for Heber C. Kimball, between 2 and 13 June 1837.)

    Woodruff, Wilford. Journals, 1833–1898. Wilford Woodruff, Journals and Papers, 1828–1898. CHL. MS 1352.

    Mulholland, James. Letter of Introduction, Commerce, IL, for Heber C. Kimball et al., 10 July 1839. CHL.

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