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Instruction, 16 May 1843

Source Note

JS, Instruction, [
Macedonia

Area settled, 1826. Founded by Latter-day Saints, 1839–1840, following exodus from Missouri. Town platted, Aug. 1840. Post office established, Sept. 1840. Incorporated as Macedonia, Mar. 1843. Renamed Webster, 23 July 1847. Population in 1845 about 380. Crooked...

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, 16 May 1843]. Featured version copied [ca. 19 May 1843] in William Clayton, Journal, 25 Apr. 1843–24 Sept. 1844, pp. [13]–[16]; handwriting of
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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; William Clayton, Journals, 1842–1846, CHL.
Blank book measuring 6¼ × 4 × 1 inches (16 × 10 × 3 cm) and containing 156 leaves bound in brown leather. There are two flyleaves in the front of the volume and two in the back. The recto of the first flyleaf in the front was inscribed by
Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
: “Journal No 1”. An archival label pasted onto the spine reads, “Journal by Wm. Clayton 1843–4”. Embossed in gold leaf on the bottom of the spine is “3”.
Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
used the journal to record daily entries from 25 April 1843 to 24 September 1844. Shortly after Clayton finished making entries in the volume, he apparently loaned or gave it to the Church Historian’s Office (now CHL), and by winter 1845–1846 the office staff began using the journal to inform their work on JS’s multivolume history, during which time use marks were added.
1

See Historian’s Office, JS History, Draft Notes, 9 Feb. 1843, 14; and Vogel, History of Joseph Smith, 1:xcviii.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Vogel, Dan, ed. History of Joseph Smith and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: A Source and Text-Critical Edition. 8 vols. Salt Lake City: Smith-Pettit Foundation, 2015.

The journal was listed in inventories that the Church Historian’s Office produced in the nineteenth century.
2

See, for example, “Historian’s Office Catalogue Book March 1858,” [7]; “Index of Records and Journals in the Historian’s Office 1878,” [2], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

Sometime in the twentieth century, three of Clayton’s journals became part of the papers of Joseph Fielding Smith, who was church historian and recorder from 1921 to 1970.
3

Neilson and Marianno, “True and Faithful,” 14.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Neilson, Reid L., and Scott D. Marianno. “True and Faithful: Joseph Fielding Smith as Mormon Historian and Theologian.” BYU Studies Quarterly 57, no. 1 (2018): 7–64.

In 1970, when Smith became the president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, these journals became part of the First Presidency’s papers.
4

“Inventory of President Joseph Fielding Smith’s Safe,” 23 May 1970, First Presidency, General Administration Files, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

“Inventory of President Joseph Fielding Smith’s Safe,” 23 May 1970. First Presidency, General Administration Files, 1921–1972. CHL.

In 2017 the Office of the First Presidency formally transferred this journal to the CHL.
5

See the full bibliographic entry for William Clayton, Journals, 1842–1846, in the CHL catalog.


A sixteen-page account written by Clayton of JS’s activities just before his death has been inserted in the inside front cover of the volume.
6

See William Clayton, Daily Account of Joseph Smith’s Activities, 14–22 June 1844, in JSP, J3:331–339.


Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See Historian’s Office, JS History, Draft Notes, 9 Feb. 1843, 14; and Vogel, History of Joseph Smith, 1:xcviii.

    Vogel, Dan, ed. History of Joseph Smith and The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: A Source and Text-Critical Edition. 8 vols. Salt Lake City: Smith-Pettit Foundation, 2015.

  2. [2]

    See, for example, “Historian’s Office Catalogue Book March 1858,” [7]; “Index of Records and Journals in the Historian’s Office 1878,” [2], Historian’s Office, Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904, CHL.

    Historian’s Office. Catalogs and Inventories, 1846–1904. CHL. CR 100 130.

  3. [3]

    Neilson and Marianno, “True and Faithful,” 14.

    Neilson, Reid L., and Scott D. Marianno. “True and Faithful: Joseph Fielding Smith as Mormon Historian and Theologian.” BYU Studies Quarterly 57, no. 1 (2018): 7–64.

  4. [4]

    “Inventory of President Joseph Fielding Smith’s Safe,” 23 May 1970, First Presidency, General Administration Files, CHL.

    “Inventory of President Joseph Fielding Smith’s Safe,” 23 May 1970. First Presidency, General Administration Files, 1921–1972. CHL.

  5. [5]

    See the full bibliographic entry for William Clayton, Journals, 1842–1846, in the CHL catalog.

  6. [6]

    See William Clayton, Daily Account of Joseph Smith’s Activities, 14–22 June 1844, in JSP, J3:331–339.

Historical Introduction

On 16 May 1843 at the residence of
Benjamin F.

28 July 1818–18 Nov. 1905. Brickmaker, merchant, tavern keeper, leatherworker, farmer, nurseryman, beekeeper. Born at Pomfret, Chautauque Co., New York. Son of Ezekiel Johnson and Julia Hills. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio, 1833. Baptized into Church...

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and
Melissa LeBaron Johnson

Jan. 1820–4 Sept. 1860. Born in Leroy, Genesee Co., New York. Married Benjamin Franklin Johnson, 25 Dec. 1841, in Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio. Moved to Ramus (later Webster), Hancock Co., Illinois, 1842. Migrated to Salt Lake Valley with Willard Richards pioneer...

View Full Bio
in
Macedonia

Area settled, 1826. Founded by Latter-day Saints, 1839–1840, following exodus from Missouri. Town platted, Aug. 1840. Post office established, Sept. 1840. Incorporated as Macedonia, Mar. 1843. Renamed Webster, 23 July 1847. Population in 1845 about 380. Crooked...

More Info
, Illinois, JS instructed the Johnsons and
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
“on the
priesthood

Power or authority of God. The priesthood was conferred through the laying on of hands upon adult male members of the church in good standing; no specialized training was required. Priesthood officers held responsibility for administering the sacrament of...

View Glossary
.”
1

Clayton, Journal, 16 May 1843. On 16 May, JS traveled to Carthage, Illinois, and then on to Macedonia in the company of Clayton, George Miller, Eliza Partridge, Lydia Partridge, J. M. Smith, and Lorin Walker. Almera Woodward Johnson, Benjamin F. Johnson’s sister, had been sealed to JS as a plural wife around late April 1843. Almera lived with her brother and his wife, and this visit to the Johnsons’ home was JS’s first since the sealing. (Editorial Note preceding 16 May 1843 entry in JS, Journal; Almera Woodward Johnson Barton, Affidavit, Iron Co., Utah Territory, 1 Aug. 1883, Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, CHL; Benjamin F. Johnson, Affidavit, Salt Lake Co., Utah Territory, 4 Mar. 1870, in Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 2:3–9.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

Smith, Joseph F. Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 1869–1915. CHL. MS 3423.

Benjamin Johnson recalled that “in the evening,” JS invited him and Melissa “to come and sit down, for he wished to marry us according to the law of the Lord. I thought it a joke, and said I should not marry my wife again, unless she courted me, for I did it all, the first time. He chided my levity, told me he was in earnest, and so it proved; for we stood up and were
sealed

To confirm or solemnize. In the early 1830s, revelations often adopted biblical usage of the term seal; for example, “sealed up the testimony” referred to proselytizing and testifying of the gospel as a warning of the approaching end time. JS explained in...

View Glossary
by the Holy Spirit of promise.”
2

Johnson, “Life Review,” 92, underlining in original.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Johnson, Benjamin Franklin. “A Life Review,” after 1893. Benjamin Franklin Johnson, Papers, 1852–1911. CHL. MS 1289 box 1, fd. 1.

Contemporaneous records, however, show that when he later recounted the story, Johnson conflated when he first heard this teaching and when he and Melissa were actually sealed. According to
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
’s journal, the couple was “united in an
everlasting covenant

Generally referred to the “fulness of the gospel”—the sum total of the church’s message, geared toward establishing God’s covenant people on the earth; also used to describe individual elements of the gospel, including marriage. According to JS, the everlasting...

View Glossary
” on 20 October 1843.
3

Clayton, Journal, 20 Oct. 1843; see also Benjamin F. Johnson, Affidavit, Salt Lake Co., Utah Territory, 4 Mar. 1870, in Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 2:7.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

Smith, Joseph F. Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 1869–1915. CHL. MS 3423.

JS taught that if a man and a woman were sealed as husband and wife by the power of the priesthood, their marriage would continue beyond death, and they would live together in marriage in the highest level of heaven. His teachings included the idea that couples properly sealed would have “children in the resurrection.”
4

Parley P. Pratt later recalled that JS taught him privately about this doctrine when JS visited him in Philadelphia in 1840. (Pratt, Autobiography, 329.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.

Based on JS’s statement to
Johnson

28 July 1818–18 Nov. 1905. Brickmaker, merchant, tavern keeper, leatherworker, farmer, nurseryman, beekeeper. Born at Pomfret, Chautauque Co., New York. Son of Ezekiel Johnson and Julia Hills. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio, 1833. Baptized into Church...

View Full Bio
that he knew in whom he could confide, it seems he expected the Johnsons not to discuss this doctrine with others.
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
was present during JS's instruction and took notes. However, in view of the uniformity of the ink flow and character formation in his journal, it appears that Clayton created the entries covering 14 May through most of 19 May in one sitting. It is likely the entries were based upon earlier notes that are no longer extant.
5

Portions of the 16 May 1843 instruction were canonized in the 1876 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants. (Doctrine and Covenants 131:1–4, 1876 ed. [D&C 131:1–4].)


Comprehensive Works Cited

The Doctrine and Covenants, of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Containing the Revelations Given to Joseph Smith, Jun., the Prophet, for the Building Up of the Kingdom of God in the Last Days. Salt Lake City: Deseret News Office, 1876.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Clayton, Journal, 16 May 1843. On 16 May, JS traveled to Carthage, Illinois, and then on to Macedonia in the company of Clayton, George Miller, Eliza Partridge, Lydia Partridge, J. M. Smith, and Lorin Walker. Almera Woodward Johnson, Benjamin F. Johnson’s sister, had been sealed to JS as a plural wife around late April 1843. Almera lived with her brother and his wife, and this visit to the Johnsons’ home was JS’s first since the sealing. (Editorial Note preceding 16 May 1843 entry in JS, Journal; Almera Woodward Johnson Barton, Affidavit, Iron Co., Utah Territory, 1 Aug. 1883, Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, CHL; Benjamin F. Johnson, Affidavit, Salt Lake Co., Utah Territory, 4 Mar. 1870, in Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 2:3–9.)

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

    Smith, Joseph F. Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 1869–1915. CHL. MS 3423.

  2. [2]

    Johnson, “Life Review,” 92, underlining in original.

    Johnson, Benjamin Franklin. “A Life Review,” after 1893. Benjamin Franklin Johnson, Papers, 1852–1911. CHL. MS 1289 box 1, fd. 1.

  3. [3]

    Clayton, Journal, 20 Oct. 1843; see also Benjamin F. Johnson, Affidavit, Salt Lake Co., Utah Territory, 4 Mar. 1870, in Joseph F. Smith, Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 2:7.

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

    Smith, Joseph F. Affidavits about Celestial Marriage, 1869–1915. CHL. MS 3423.

  4. [4]

    Parley P. Pratt later recalled that JS taught him privately about this doctrine when JS visited him in Philadelphia in 1840. (Pratt, Autobiography, 329.)

    Pratt, Parley P. The Autobiography of Parley Parker Pratt, One of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, Embracing His Life, Ministry and Travels, with Extracts, in Prose and Verse, from His Miscellaneous Writings. Edited by Parley P. Pratt Jr. New York: Russell Brothers, 1874.

  5. [5]

    Portions of the 16 May 1843 instruction were canonized in the 1876 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants. (Doctrine and Covenants 131:1–4, 1876 ed. [D&C 131:1–4].)

    The Doctrine and Covenants, of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Containing the Revelations Given to Joseph Smith, Jun., the Prophet, for the Building Up of the Kingdom of God in the Last Days. Salt Lake City: Deseret News Office, 1876.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation.
*Instruction, 16 May 1843
History Draft [1 March–31 December 1843] History, 1838–1856, volume D-1 [1 August 1842–1 July 1843] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page [13]

He put his hand on my knee
1

William Clayton’s knee.


and says “your life is hid with Christ in God.” and so is many others”.
2

See Colossians 3:3; and Revelation, 6 Dec. 1832 [D&C 86:9]. JS may have been alluding to the secrecy surrounding plural marriage, in which an increasing number of Latter-day Saints were participating by this time, including William Clayton and his two wives, sisters Ruth and Margaret Moon. (Clayton, Journal, 27 Apr. 1843.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

Addressing [p. [13]]
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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Instruction, 16 May 1843
ID #
1068
Total Pages
4
Print Volume Location
JSP, D12:307–309
Handwriting on This Page
  • William Clayton

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    William Clayton’s knee.

  2. [2]

    See Colossians 3:3; and Revelation, 6 Dec. 1832 [D&C 86:9]. JS may have been alluding to the secrecy surrounding plural marriage, in which an increasing number of Latter-day Saints were participating by this time, including William Clayton and his two wives, sisters Ruth and Margaret Moon. (Clayton, Journal, 27 Apr. 1843.)

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

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