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Letter to Richard M. Young, 9 February 1843

Source Note

William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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, agent, on behalf of JS, Letter,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, to
Richard M. Young

20 Feb. 1798–28 Nov. 1861. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Moved to Jonesboro, Union Co., Illinois Territory. Admitted to Illinois bar, 1817, in Jonesboro. Served as state representative from Union Co., 1820–1822. Married Matilda...

View Full Bio
,
Washington DC

Created as district for seat of U.S. federal government by act of Congress, 1790, and named Washington DC, 1791. Named in honor of George Washington. Headquarters of executive, legislative, and judicial branches of U.S. government relocated to Washington ...

More Info
, 9 Feb. 1843. Featured version copied [ca. 9 Feb. 1843]; handwriting of
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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; two pages; Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU. Includes docket and archival marking.
Single leaf, measuring 12¼ × 7½ inches (31 × 19 cm). The leaf was unevenly cut along the left side of the recto. It is ruled with at least thirty-six horizontal printed lines, now faded from water damage. The letter was folded and docketed for filing.
The document was docketed by
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

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, who served as scribe to JS from 1842 to 1844.
1

JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

In late 1844, following JS’s death,
Bishop

An ecclesiastical and priesthood office. JS appointed Edward Partridge as the first bishop in February 1831. Following this appointment, Partridge functioned as the local leader of the church in Missouri. Later revelations described a bishop’s duties as receiving...

View Glossary
Newel K. Whitney

3/5 Feb. 1795–23 Sept. 1850. Trader, merchant. Born at Marlborough, Windham Co., Vermont. Son of Samuel Whitney and Susanna Kimball. Moved to Fairfield, Herkimer Co., New York, 1803. Merchant at Plattsburg, Clinton Co., New York, 1814. Mercantile clerk for...

View Full Bio
became one of the interim church trustees and was appointed “first bishop” among other
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
bishops.
2

Richards, Journal, 9 Aug. 1844; “Conference Minutes,” Times and Seasons, 1 Nov. 1844, 5:693; see also Minutes, Times and Seasons, Dec. 1839, 1:30.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Richards, Willard. Journals, 1836–1853. Willard Richards, Papers, 1821–1854. CHL. MS 1490, boxes 1–2.

Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

It was presumably during this time that many of the church’s financial and other administrative records passed into his possession. This document, along with many other personal and institutional documents that Whitney kept, was inherited by Newel K. and
Elizabeth Ann Smith Whitney

26 Dec. 1800–15 Feb. 1882. Born at Derby, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Daughter of Gibson Smith and Polly Bradley. Moved to Ohio, 1819. Married Newel K. Whitney, 20 Oct. 1822, at Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio. Shortly after, joined reformed Baptist (later Disciples...

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’s daughter Mary Jane Whitney, who was married to Isaac Groo. The documents were passed down within the Groo family. Between 1969 and 1974, the Groo family donated their collection of Newel K. Whitney’s papers to the J. Reuben Clark Library (renamed Harold B. Lee Library in 1973) at Brigham Young University.
3

Andrus and Fuller, Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers, 24; Wilkinson et al., Brigham Young University, 4:255.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Andrus, Hyrum L., and Chris Fuller, comp. Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers. Provo, UT: Division of Archives and Manuscripts, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, 1978.

Wilkinson, Ernest L., Leonard J. Arrington, and Bruce C. Hafen, eds. Brigham Young University: The First One Hundred Years. Vol. 4. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1976.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.

    Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

  2. [2]

    Richards, Journal, 9 Aug. 1844; “Conference Minutes,” Times and Seasons, 1 Nov. 1844, 5:693; see also Minutes, Times and Seasons, Dec. 1839, 1:30.

    Richards, Willard. Journals, 1836–1853. Willard Richards, Papers, 1821–1854. CHL. MS 1490, boxes 1–2.

    Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

  3. [3]

    Andrus and Fuller, Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers, 24; Wilkinson et al., Brigham Young University, 4:255.

    Andrus, Hyrum L., and Chris Fuller, comp. Register of the Newel Kimball Whitney Papers. Provo, UT: Division of Archives and Manuscripts, Harold B. Lee Library, Brigham Young University, 1978.

    Wilkinson, Ernest L., Leonard J. Arrington, and Bruce C. Hafen, eds. Brigham Young University: The First One Hundred Years. Vol. 4. Provo, UT: Brigham Young University Press, 1976.

Historical Introduction

On 9 February 1843,
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
wrote a letter on behalf of JS in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Illinois, to Senator
Richard M. Young

20 Feb. 1798–28 Nov. 1861. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Moved to Jonesboro, Union Co., Illinois Territory. Admitted to Illinois bar, 1817, in Jonesboro. Served as state representative from Union Co., 1820–1822. Married Matilda...

View Full Bio
of
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
, who was in
Washington DC

Created as district for seat of U.S. federal government by act of Congress, 1790, and named Washington DC, 1791. Named in honor of George Washington. Headquarters of executive, legislative, and judicial branches of U.S. government relocated to Washington ...

More Info
, about a pending land transaction. Clayton apparently wrote in response to two letters JS had received that same day: one from Young and another from John C. Walsh of Baltimore to Young, which Young enclosed with his letter.
1

See JS, Journal, 9 Feb. 1843.


Neither of those letters is extant. However, past correspondence among the three men and JS’s response indicate that the primary subject of the letters was a tract of land about two miles southeast of Nauvoo that Walsh had offered to sell to JS through Young, who was a mutual acquaintance.
2

The land was in Hancock County, Illinois, in the northwest quarter of section 8 in Township 6 North, Range 8 West. (Letter to Richard M. Young, 23 Dec. 1842.)


In a 23 December 1842 letter to Young, JS formally agreed to purchase the land for $2,500.
3

Letter to Richard M. Young, 23 Dec. 1842.


Having received the letters from
Young

20 Feb. 1798–28 Nov. 1861. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Moved to Jonesboro, Union Co., Illinois Territory. Admitted to Illinois bar, 1817, in Jonesboro. Served as state representative from Union Co., 1820–1822. Married Matilda...

View Full Bio
and Walsh, JS dictated to
Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
an immediate response to Young. This letter suggests that the letters from Young and Walsh had indicated the need for immediate action on the proposed land transaction. In this letter, JS reaffirmed his intentions to purchase the land, explaining that he would forward $500 to “Genl. Leach” in
Quincy

Located on high limestone bluffs east of Mississippi River, about forty-five miles south of Nauvoo. Settled 1821. Adams Co. seat, 1825. Incorporated as town, 1834. Received city charter, 1840. Population in 1835 about 800; in 1840 about 2,300; and in 1845...

More Info
, Illinois, according to Young’s instructions. The following day, JS and at least one other individual signed four promissory notes, promising to pay Walsh an additional $2,000 between 1844 and 1847.
4

JS to John C. Walsh, Promissory Notes, 10 Feb. 1843–A, –B, –C, and –D, JS Collection (Supplement), CHL.


On 12 February, Clayton noted that he had gone “to prest. Josephs & counted $500 silver & Gold” to be carried to Quincy.
5

Clayton, Journal, 12 Feb. 1843.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

Two days later, Clayton “went to Genl. Leach’s and deposited the $500.” Leach presented Clayton with a receipt, which Clayton then forwarded to Young with a letter.
6

Clayton, Journal, 14 Feb. 1843.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

The following month, JS received another letter from Young, which included a bond for a quarter section of land from Walsh.
7

JS, Journal, 25 Mar. 1843.


In addition to commenting on Walsh’s property, JS inquired about the status of a November 1842 petition to replace
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

View Full Bio
as the
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
city postmaster. During late 1842, the
post office

First post office located in area known as Venus, near west end of present-day Parley Street, 1830–1834. Name changed to Commerce post office, 11 Oct. 1834. Renamed Nauvoo post office, 21 Apr. 1840, with George W. Robinson appointed postmaster. Robinson operated...

More Info
became a controversial subject in Nauvoo. JS complained to
James Arlington Bennet

21 Dec. 1788–25 Dec. 1863. Attorney, newspaper publisher, educator, author. Born in New York. Married first Sophia Smith, 8 May 1811. Served as third and later second lieutenant in First U.S. Artillery, 1 Aug. 1813–14 Oct. 1814. Published American System ...

View Full Bio
that the post office was “exceedingly corrupt” and that letters were regularly “broken open and robbed of their contents.”
8

Letter to James Arlington Bennet, 8 Sept. 1842; see also Letter to George W. Robinson, 6 Nov. 1842; and Historical Introduction to Letter to George W. Robinson, 6 Nov. 1842.


Problems with the post office persisted into early 1843.
Willard Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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wrote in JS’s journal that in an interview with
John Cowan

25 Apr. 1781–7 Nov. 1853. Farmer. Born near Harpers Ferry, Berkeley Co., Virginia (later in West Virginia). Son of James Cowan Sr. and Mary Russell. Moved near Lebanon, Hamilton Co., Ohio, Nov. 1800. Married first Miss Sewell, ca. 1801. Married second Sarah...

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of Henderson County, Illinois, the day after dictating this letter, JS mentioned “theiving & the Post Office” and “suggested that a general meeting be called” to address the issue.
9

JS, Journal, 10 Feb. 1843.


JS was therefore anxious to see the office of the
United States

North American constitutional republic. Constitution ratified, 17 Sept. 1787. Population in 1805 about 6,000,000; in 1830 about 13,000,000; and in 1844 about 20,000,000. Louisiana Purchase, 1803, doubled size of U.S. Consisted of seventeen states at time ...

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postmaster general deal with the problems.
Before sending the letter to
Young

20 Feb. 1798–28 Nov. 1861. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Moved to Jonesboro, Union Co., Illinois Territory. Admitted to Illinois bar, 1817, in Jonesboro. Served as state representative from Union Co., 1820–1822. Married Matilda...

View Full Bio
,
Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
made a copy, noting that it was “a Copy of a letter to the Hon. R. M. Young.” At some point, likely during summer 1843, clerk
George Walker

15 Dec. 1806–after 1870. Bookkeeper, clerk, rope maker, laborer. Born in Burslem, Staffordshire, England. Moved to Lancashire, England, before 1832. Married Catherine Burgess, before 1832, in Lancashire. Moved to Salford, Lancashire, before 1840. Baptized...

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copied the letter into JS Letterbook 2, which Richards later used in preparing JS’s history.
10

JS Letterbook 2, pp. 244–245; Historian’s Office, JS History, Draft Notes, 9 Feb. 1843, 14; JS History, vol. D-1, 1464–1465.


Comprehensive Works Cited

JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.

Because the original letter sent to Young is apparently not extant, the retained copy Clayton made is featured here.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See JS, Journal, 9 Feb. 1843.

  2. [2]

    The land was in Hancock County, Illinois, in the northwest quarter of section 8 in Township 6 North, Range 8 West. (Letter to Richard M. Young, 23 Dec. 1842.)

  3. [3]

    Letter to Richard M. Young, 23 Dec. 1842.

  4. [4]

    JS to John C. Walsh, Promissory Notes, 10 Feb. 1843–A, –B, –C, and –D, JS Collection (Supplement), CHL.

  5. [5]

    Clayton, Journal, 12 Feb. 1843.

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

  6. [6]

    Clayton, Journal, 14 Feb. 1843.

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

  7. [7]

    JS, Journal, 25 Mar. 1843.

  8. [8]

    Letter to James Arlington Bennet, 8 Sept. 1842; see also Letter to George W. Robinson, 6 Nov. 1842; and Historical Introduction to Letter to George W. Robinson, 6 Nov. 1842.

  9. [9]

    JS, Journal, 10 Feb. 1843.

  10. [10]

    JS Letterbook 2, pp. 244–245; Historian’s Office, JS History, Draft Notes, 9 Feb. 1843, 14; JS History, vol. D-1, 1464–1465.

    JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Letter to Richard M. Young, 9 February 1843 Letterbook 2 History, 1838–1856, volume D-1 [1 August 1842–1 July 1843] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page [2]

the
Post Master

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

View Full Bio
& those connected with the
Post Office

First post office located in area known as Venus, near west end of present-day Parley Street, 1830–1834. Name changed to Commerce post office, 11 Oct. 1834. Renamed Nauvoo post office, 21 Apr. 1840, with George W. Robinson appointed postmaster. Robinson operated...

More Info
in this
city

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
.
7

On 25 March 1843, JS received a reply from Richard M. Young stating that he had received the petition. (JS, Journal, 25 Mar. 1843; see also Willard Richards, Nauvoo, IL, to Orson Hyde, 25 May 1844, draft, Willard Richards, Journals and Papers, CHL.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Richards, Willard. Journals and Papers, 1821–1854. CHL.

The petition was accompanied by some affidavits proving that letters had frequently been broken open money detained, and letters charged twice over &c. &c. at this
office

First post office located in area known as Venus, near west end of present-day Parley Street, 1830–1834. Name changed to Commerce post office, 11 Oct. 1834. Renamed Nauvoo post office, 21 Apr. 1840, with George W. Robinson appointed postmaster. Robinson operated...

More Info
, the repeated occurrence of which circumstances caused the people to be anxious for an immediate Change. It will be seen by the petition that I was nominated for the office, I can only say that if I receive the appointment, I shall do my utmost to give General satisfaction. Whoever may be appointed, it is necessary in my estimation to have it done as soon as circumstances will possibly admit. Accept Sir of my sincere acknowledgements for past favors which are not forgotten
8

In 1839 JS and Elias Higbee traveled to Washington DC to petition the federal government for redress for lost property in Missouri. In January 1840, Richard M. Young introduced the church’s memorial for redress in the Senate, along with affidavits itemizing the lost or damaged property of individual church members. Young also loaned the men money they needed for travel and lodging. (Journal of the Senate of the United States, 26th Cong., 1st Sess., 28 Jan. 1840, p. 138; Historical Introduction to Memorial to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, ca. 30 Oct. 1839–27 Jan. 1840; Letter to Hyrum Smith and Nauvoo High Council, 5 Dec. 1839; Letter from Sidney Rigdon, 3 Apr. 1840.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, Being the First Session of the Twenty-Sixth Congress, Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 2, 1839, and in the Sixty-Fourth Year of the Independence of the Said United States. Washington DC: Blair and Rives, 1839.

and accept of the best wishes and sincere thanks of
Yours resp[ectfull]y Joseph Smith
by
W[illiam] Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
his
Agent

A specific church office and, more generally, someone “entrusted with the business of another.” Agents in the church assisted other ecclesiastical officers, especially the bishop in his oversight of the church’s temporal affairs. A May 1831 revelation instructed...

View Glossary
Hon.
R. M. Young

20 Feb. 1798–28 Nov. 1861. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Fayette Co., Kentucky. Moved to Jonesboro, Union Co., Illinois Territory. Admitted to Illinois bar, 1817, in Jonesboro. Served as state representative from Union Co., 1820–1822. Married Matilda...

View Full Bio
)
City of
Washington

Created as district for seat of U.S. federal government by act of Congress, 1790, and named Washington DC, 1791. Named in honor of George Washington. Headquarters of executive, legislative, and judicial branches of U.S. government relocated to Washington ...

More Info
)
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Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Letter to Richard M. Young, 9 February 1843
ID #
989
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D11:397–401
Handwriting on This Page
  • William Clayton

Footnotes

  1. [7]

    On 25 March 1843, JS received a reply from Richard M. Young stating that he had received the petition. (JS, Journal, 25 Mar. 1843; see also Willard Richards, Nauvoo, IL, to Orson Hyde, 25 May 1844, draft, Willard Richards, Journals and Papers, CHL.)

    Richards, Willard. Journals and Papers, 1821–1854. CHL.

  2. [8]

    In 1839 JS and Elias Higbee traveled to Washington DC to petition the federal government for redress for lost property in Missouri. In January 1840, Richard M. Young introduced the church’s memorial for redress in the Senate, along with affidavits itemizing the lost or damaged property of individual church members. Young also loaned the men money they needed for travel and lodging. (Journal of the Senate of the United States, 26th Cong., 1st Sess., 28 Jan. 1840, p. 138; Historical Introduction to Memorial to the United States Senate and House of Representatives, ca. 30 Oct. 1839–27 Jan. 1840; Letter to Hyrum Smith and Nauvoo High Council, 5 Dec. 1839; Letter from Sidney Rigdon, 3 Apr. 1840.)

    Journal of the Senate of the United States of America, Being the First Session of the Twenty-Sixth Congress, Begun and Held at the City of Washington, December 2, 1839, and in the Sixty-Fourth Year of the Independence of the Said United States. Washington DC: Blair and Rives, 1839.

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