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Minutes and Discourse, 21 April 1834

Source Note

Minutes and Discourse,
Norton Township

Area first settled, 1814. Formed from Wolf Creek Township, 1818. Reported location of “great Mormon excitement,” 1832–1838. Population in 1830 about 650. Primarily populated by immigrants from New England states. Increased German Pennsylvanian immigration...

More Info
, Medina Co., OH, 21 Apr. 1834. Featured version copied [between ca. late Apr. and 5 May 1834] in Minute Book 1, pp. 43–47; handwriting of
Orson Hyde

8 Jan. 1805–28 Nov. 1878. Laborer, clerk, storekeeper, teacher, editor, businessman, lawyer, judge. Born at Oxford, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Nathan Hyde and Sally Thorpe. Moved to Derby, New Haven Co., 1812. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio, ...

View Full Bio
; CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for Minute Book 1.

Historical Introduction

On 21 April 1834, in
Norton

Area first settled, 1814. Formed from Wolf Creek Township, 1818. Reported location of “great Mormon excitement,” 1832–1838. Population in 1830 about 650. Primarily populated by immigrants from New England states. Increased German Pennsylvanian immigration...

More Info
, Ohio, JS presided over a
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
of
elders

A male leader in the church generally; an ecclesiastical and priesthood office or one holding that office; a proselytizing missionary. The Book of Mormon explained that elders ordained priests and teachers and administered “the flesh and blood of Christ unto...

View Glossary
that focused on the necessity of redeeming
Zion

A specific location in Missouri; also a literal or figurative gathering of believers in Jesus Christ, characterized by adherence to ideals of harmony, equality, and purity. In JS’s earliest revelations “the cause of Zion” was used to broadly describe the ...

View Glossary
. This conference had a clear millenarian theme, with sermons indicating that Jesus Christ’s second coming was near and that the inhabitants of the earth needed to repent and gather to Zion in order to be saved. JS and other participants explained that it was imperative for church members to assist the Saints who had been expelled from
Jackson County

Settled at Fort Osage, 1808. County created, 16 Feb. 1825; organized 1826. Named after U.S. president Andrew Jackson. Featured fertile lands along Missouri River and was Santa Fe Trail departure point, which attracted immigrants to area. Area of county reduced...

More Info
, Missouri, so Zion could be reclaimed and reoccupied.
1

For more information on the Saints’ expulsion from Jackson County, see “Joseph Smith Documents from February 1833 through March 1834.”


Such assistance could take two forms: volunteering to go with JS and others on an expedition to
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

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or donating money to provision those volunteers.
2

For information on JS’s financial concerns leading up to this conference, see Historical Introduction to Letter to Orson Hyde, 7 Apr. 1834.


Without such aid, JS stated, Zion would not be redeemed and all of the church would be “persecuted and destroyed in like manner.” JS’s journal notes that “some few volunteered to go to Zion, and others donated $66.37. for the benefit of the scattered breth[r]en in Zion.”
3

JS, Journal, 21–22 Apr. 1834.


JS also spoke at the conference about some of the foundational events of the church, topics he rarely discussed in public,
4

At an October 1831 conference, for example, Hyrum Smith suggested that JS explain “the coming forth of the book of Mormon,” but JS demurred, stating that “it was not intended to tell the world all the particulars of the coming forth of the book of Mormon.” (Minutes, 25–26 Oct. 1831.)


including the
translation

To produce a text from one written in another language; in JS’s usage, most often through divine means. JS considered the ability to translate to be a gift of the spirit, like the gift of interpreting tongues. He recounted that he translated “reformed Egyptian...

View Glossary
of the Book of Mormon and the “revelation” of both the
priesthood of Aaron

The lower, or lesser, of two divisions of the priesthood. Sometimes called the Levitical priesthood. It was named for Aaron, the brother of Moses, “because it was conferred upon Aaron and his seed” in antiquity. JS and other church leaders taught that the...

View Glossary
, or the lesser priesthood,
5

A September 1832 revelation explained that the lesser priesthood was “confirmed upon Aaron and his sons.” (Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:30].)


and the
high priesthood

The authority and power held by certain officers in the church. The Book of Mormon referred to the high priesthood as God’s “holy order, which was after the order of his Son,” and indicated that Melchizedek, a biblical figure, was a high priest “after this...

View Glossary
. His presentation of these topics largely followed the history he wrote in summer 1832.
6

JS History, ca. Summer 1832, 1.


Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

View Full Bio
then spoke on the necessity of redeeming Zion, the construction of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

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in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

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, Ohio, and the
endowment

Bestowal of spiritual blessings, power, or knowledge. Beginning in 1831, multiple revelations promised an endowment of “power from on high” in association with the command to gather. Some believed this promise was fulfilled when individuals were first ordained...

View Glossary
of power that would come after the house was built.
Before the conclusion of the conference, the participants conducted a trial of Thomas Tripp, a church member accused of improprieties with various women. After voting to exclude Tripp from the church, the meeting concluded with the blessing of children by JS and the administration of the
sacrament

Primarily referred to the sacrament of the Lord’s Supper, or Communion, as opposed to other religious sacraments. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed “that the church meet together often to partake of bread and wine in remembrance of the Lord...

View Glossary
. According to JS’s journal, the conference was “a glorious time.”
7

JS, Journal, 21–22 Apr. 1834.


As clerk of the conference,
Oliver Cowdery

3 Oct. 1806–3 Mar. 1850. Clerk, teacher, justice of the peace, lawyer, newspaper editor. Born at Wells, Rutland Co., Vermont. Son of William Cowdery and Rebecca Fuller. Raised Congregationalist. Moved to western New York and clerked at a store, ca. 1825–1828...

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kept the minutes.
Orson Hyde

8 Jan. 1805–28 Nov. 1878. Laborer, clerk, storekeeper, teacher, editor, businessman, lawyer, judge. Born at Oxford, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Nathan Hyde and Sally Thorpe. Moved to Derby, New Haven Co., 1812. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio, ...

View Full Bio
later copied the minutes into Minute Book 1.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    For more information on the Saints’ expulsion from Jackson County, see “Joseph Smith Documents from February 1833 through March 1834.”

  2. [2]

    For information on JS’s financial concerns leading up to this conference, see Historical Introduction to Letter to Orson Hyde, 7 Apr. 1834.

  3. [3]

    JS, Journal, 21–22 Apr. 1834.

  4. [4]

    At an October 1831 conference, for example, Hyrum Smith suggested that JS explain “the coming forth of the book of Mormon,” but JS demurred, stating that “it was not intended to tell the world all the particulars of the coming forth of the book of Mormon.” (Minutes, 25–26 Oct. 1831.)

  5. [5]

    A September 1832 revelation explained that the lesser priesthood was “confirmed upon Aaron and his sons.” (Revelation, 22–23 Sept. 1832 [D&C 84:30].)

  6. [6]

    JS History, ca. Summer 1832, 1.

  7. [7]

    JS, Journal, 21–22 Apr. 1834.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Minutes and Discourse, 21 April 1834 Minute Book 1 History, 1838–1856, volume A-1 [23 December 1805–30 August 1834] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page 44

those former revelations cannot be suited to our condition, because they were given to other people who were before us;
4

Expressing a similar theme, the July 1832 issue of The Evening and the Morning Star states, “Notwithstanding that nearly all christendom doubt the propriety of receiving revelations for the government of the church of Christ in this age . . . yet we believe . . . that to every church in the past ages, which the Lord recognized to be his, he gave revelations wisely calculated to govern them in the peculiar situation and circumstances under which they were placed.” Likewise, in September 1832, the Star explained that “each prophet revealed what was expedient for his own time, and the people he spoke to. . . . The covenant with Noah was very different from the covenant with Abraham, and the last covenant with Israel . . . will undoubtedly be different from the creeds or articles of every church on earth, not established by immediate revelation from heaven.” (“The Elders in the Land of Zion to the Church of Christ Scattered Abroad,” The Evening and the Morning Star, July 1832, [5]; “The Old and New Revelations,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Sept. 1832, [5].)


Comprehensive Works Cited

The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.

but in the last days, God was to call a remnant, in which was to be deliverance, as well as in Jerusalem, and Zion.
5

See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 501, 566 [3 Nephi 21:22–26; Ether 13:5–6].


Now, if God should give no more revelations, where will we find Zion and this remnant? He said that the time was near when desolation was to cover the Earth, and then God would have a place of deliverance in his remnant, and in Zion, &c.
6

See Revelation, ca. 7 Mar. 1831 [D&C 45:42–44, 64–66].


He then gave a relation of obtaining and
translating

To produce a text from one written in another language; in JS’s usage, most often through divine means. JS considered the ability to translate to be a gift of the spirit, like the gift of interpreting tongues. He recounted that he translated “reformed Egyptian...

View Glossary
the Book of Mormon, the revelation of the
priesthood of Aaron

The lower, or lesser, of two divisions of the priesthood. Sometimes called the Levitical priesthood. It was named for Aaron, the brother of Moses, “because it was conferred upon Aaron and his seed” in antiquity. JS and other church leaders taught that the...

View Glossary
, the organization of the
Church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
in the year 1830, the revelation of the
high priesthood

The authority and power held by certain officers in the church. The Book of Mormon referred to the high priesthood as God’s “holy order, which was after the order of his Son,” and indicated that Melchizedek, a biblical figure, was a high priest “after this...

View Glossary
,
7

In discussing “the revelation of the high priesthood,” JS may have been referring to a conference held in June 1831, where the high priesthood was conferred “for the first time, upon several of the elders.” Or he may have been referring to events noted in both his 1832 history and in a blessing given to Oliver Cowdery on 18 December 1833 (but not recorded until 1835). The preamble to the 1832 history mentions that at some previous time, “a confirmation and reception of the high Priesthood after the holy order of the son of the living God” occurred, but the narrative ends without providing any details. As recorded in 1835, the 1833 blessing explains that JS and Oliver Cowdery “receive[d] the holy priesthood under the hands of those who had been held in reserve for a long season, even those who received it under the hand of the Messiah while he should dwell in the flesh.” (JS History, vol. A-1, 118; JS History, ca. Summer 1832, 1; Blessing to Oliver Cowdery, 2 Oct. 1835.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.

and the gift of the Holy Spirit poured out upon the church, &c. Take away the book of Mormon, and the revelations, and where is our religion? We have none; for without a Zion and a place of deliverance, we must fall, because the time is near when the sun will be darkened, the moon turn to blood, the stars fall from heaven and the earth reel to and fro;
8

See Revelation, 3 Nov. 1831 [D&C 133:49]; and Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:87].


then if this is the case, if we are not sanctified and
gathered

As directed by early revelations, church members “gathered” in communities. A revelation dated September 1830, for instance, instructed elders “to bring to pass the gathering of mine elect” who would “be gathered in unto one place, upon the face of this land...

View Glossary
to the places where God has appointed, our former professions and our great love for the bible, we must fall, we cannot stand, we cannot be saved; for God will gather out his saints from the
gentiles

Those who were not members of the House of Israel. More specifically, members of the church identified gentiles as those whose lineage was not of the Jews or Lamanites (understood to be the American Indians in JS’s day). Certain prophecies indicated that ...

View Glossary
and then comes desolation or destruction and none can escape except the pure in heart who are gathered, &c.
9

See Revelation, 2 Aug. 1833–A [D&C 97:21–25]; and Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:17–18].


Bro.
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

View Full Bio
then addressed the
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
upon certain items lying immediately before the brethren: He said, that on two points hang all the revelations which have ever been given, which are the two advents of the Messiah. The first one is past, and the second one is now just before us, and consequently those who desire a part in this era which the angels desired to look into,
10

See 1 Peter 1:12.


have to be assembled with the saints; for if they are not gathered, they must wail because of [p. 44]
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Source Note

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Page 44

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Minutes and Discourse, 21 April 1834
ID #
6709
Total Pages
5
Print Volume Location
JSP, D4:13–19
Handwriting on This Page
  • Orson Hyde

Footnotes

  1. [4]

    Expressing a similar theme, the July 1832 issue of The Evening and the Morning Star states, “Notwithstanding that nearly all christendom doubt the propriety of receiving revelations for the government of the church of Christ in this age . . . yet we believe . . . that to every church in the past ages, which the Lord recognized to be his, he gave revelations wisely calculated to govern them in the peculiar situation and circumstances under which they were placed.” Likewise, in September 1832, the Star explained that “each prophet revealed what was expedient for his own time, and the people he spoke to. . . . The covenant with Noah was very different from the covenant with Abraham, and the last covenant with Israel . . . will undoubtedly be different from the creeds or articles of every church on earth, not established by immediate revelation from heaven.” (“The Elders in the Land of Zion to the Church of Christ Scattered Abroad,” The Evening and the Morning Star, July 1832, [5]; “The Old and New Revelations,” The Evening and the Morning Star, Sept. 1832, [5].)

    The Evening and the Morning Star. Independence, MO, June 1832–July 1833; Kirtland, OH, Dec. 1833–Sept. 1834.

  2. [5]

    See Book of Mormon, 1830 ed., 501, 566 [3 Nephi 21:22–26; Ether 13:5–6].

  3. [6]

    See Revelation, ca. 7 Mar. 1831 [D&C 45:42–44, 64–66].

  4. [7]

    In discussing “the revelation of the high priesthood,” JS may have been referring to a conference held in June 1831, where the high priesthood was conferred “for the first time, upon several of the elders.” Or he may have been referring to events noted in both his 1832 history and in a blessing given to Oliver Cowdery on 18 December 1833 (but not recorded until 1835). The preamble to the 1832 history mentions that at some previous time, “a confirmation and reception of the high Priesthood after the holy order of the son of the living God” occurred, but the narrative ends without providing any details. As recorded in 1835, the 1833 blessing explains that JS and Oliver Cowdery “receive[d] the holy priesthood under the hands of those who had been held in reserve for a long season, even those who received it under the hand of the Messiah while he should dwell in the flesh.” (JS History, vol. A-1, 118; JS History, ca. Summer 1832, 1; Blessing to Oliver Cowdery, 2 Oct. 1835.)

    JS History / Smith, Joseph, et al. History, 1838–1856. Vols. A-1–F-1 (original), A-2–E-2 (fair copy). Historian’s Office, History of the Church, 1839–ca. 1882. CHL. CR 100 102, boxes 1–7. The history for the period after 5 Aug. 1838 was composed after the death of Joseph Smith.

  5. [8]

    See Revelation, 3 Nov. 1831 [D&C 133:49]; and Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:87].

  6. [9]

    See Revelation, 2 Aug. 1833–A [D&C 97:21–25]; and Revelation, 16–17 Dec. 1833 [D&C 101:17–18].

  7. [10]

    See 1 Peter 1:12.

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