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Plan of the House of the Lord in Kirtland, Ohio (Fragments), circa June 1833

Fragment 1 (Recto) Page [0] Fragment 1 (Verso) Page [0] Fragment 2 (Verso) Page [0] Fragment 3 (Recto) Page [0] Fragment 4 (Recto) Page [0] Fragment 4 (Verso) Page [0]

Source Note

Plan of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
, Ohio (Fragments), [Kirtland Township, Geauga Co., OH], ca. June 1833; text and drawings in handwriting of
Frederick G. Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

View Full Bio
; four leaves; Egyptian Papyri, CHL. Includes archival marking.
Only four fragments of the plan of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
, Ohio, have been located. These fragments were used to preserve pieces of Egyptian papyrus that were owned by JS. Although the papyri were pasted on top of pieces of the plan, the drawings of the plan are visible around the papyri. Egyptian Papyri (also known as JS Papyri), Item 1 (called “fragment 1” herein) measures 7½ × 4¾ inches (19 × 12 cm). The recto of fragment 1 contains a partially visible drawing of a corner of the interior of the House of the Lord, featuring a chimney, a row of corner pews, and the beginnings of a side row of central pews. The existing drawing measures 6¼ × 4¾ inches (16 × 12 cm), though much of it is covered by papyrus, which measures 7½ × 3½–4 inches (19 × 9–10 cm). The verso of fragment 1 bears a partial drawing of a front corner and staircase of the House of the Lord; the drawing measures 2⅛ × 3¼ inches (5 × 8 cm). It also contains an archival marking in graphite. Egyptian Papyri, Item 3 (called “fragment 2” herein) is an irregular-size document measuring 10–12½ × 9–9½ inches (25–32 × 23–24 cm). A substantial piece is missing from one of the corners of this fragment. The recto of fragment 2 is completely covered by papyrus and no drawings of a plan are visible. Of all the fragments, the verso of fragment 2 bears the most detailed extant drawing of the floor plan of the House of the Lord in Kirtland. The plan, which covers most of the leaf, was drawn in ink and colored with red watercolor. The leaf comprises three smaller pieces of the plan that were pasted together; visible evidence of paste survives at points joining the three portions of the floor plan. Fragment 2 contains seven small holes, tears and cuts, mold spots, and archival marking. Egyptian Papyri, Item 10 (called “fragment 3” herein) measures 11½–11⅞ × 5⅞–6⅜ inches (29–30 × 15–16 cm) and has one large tear on the right edge measuring 1 × ⅝ inch (3 × 1 cm). The recto of fragment 3 contains handwritten text and possibly part of a drawing of the plan, which is covered by papyrus that measures 11¾ × 2⅜–4⅜ inches (30 × 6–11 cm). No plans are visible on the verso of fragment 3. Egyptian Papyri, Item 11 (called “fragment 4” herein) measures 6¾ × 4¾ inches (17 × 12 cm). The recto contains a drawing of the central pews and aisles, which covers the entire leaf. Pasted on top of the drawing is papyrus measuring 6¾ × 4 inches (17 × 10 cm). On the verso of fragment 4 is a drawing of a corner of the interior of the House of the Lord featuring a row of corner pews, a chimney, and the beginnings of a side row of central pews. The drawing measures 6¾ × 2⅞ inches (17 × 7 cm) and contains handwritten text and archival marking. Fragments 1 and 4 appear to have been separated, or cut, from each other after papyrus was attached to them.
The plan of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
was cut into irregular sizes to fit, preserve, and protect pieces of the Egyptian papyrus sometime after JS acquired the papyri in July 1835, and likely before July 1840.
1

It is unclear when the Egyptian papyri were attached to portions of the plan of the House of the Lord and to other documents. In the fall of 1835 and through the late winter of 1835–1836, JS often displayed or allowed others to see the papyri.a In mid-February 1836, JS allowed Joseph Coe to exhibit the Egyptian papyri and mummies and charged Coe to manage the Egyptian materials, especially the manuscripts, with “prudence and care.”b JS may have had the papyri preserved before or at the time he had them on display. In the summer of 1840, an unnamed visitor to Nauvoo, Illinois, commented on being shown the Egyptian mummies and papyri by JS. According to the account, JS “walked to a secretary, on the opposite side of the room, and drew out several frames covered with glass, under which were numerous fragments of Egyptian papyrus, on which, as usual, a great variety of hieroglyphical characters had been imprinted. These ancient records, said he, throw great light upon the subject of Christianity. They have been unrolled and preserved with great labor and care.”c(aSee, for example, JS, Journal, 3 and 24 Oct. 1835; 30 Nov. 1835; 7, 12, 14, 16, and 23 Dec. 1835; 12 and 30 Jan. 1836; 3 and 11 Feb. 1836.bJS, Journal, 17 Feb. 1836.c“A Glance at the Mormons,” North American and Daily Advertiser [Philadelphia], 22 July 1840, [1].)


Comprehensive Works Cited

North American and Daily Advertiser. Philadelphia. 1839–1845.

Sometime before his death, JS gave the Egyptian papyri, as well as the Egyptian mummies he had acquired, to his mother,
Lucy Mack Smith

8 July 1775–14 May 1856. Oilcloth painter, nurse, fund-raiser, author. Born at Gilsum, Cheshire Co., New Hampshire. Daughter of Solomon Mack Sr. and Lydia Gates. Moved to Montague, Franklin Co., Massachusetts, 1779; to Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont, 1788...

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. Shortly after Lucy Mack Smith’s death in May 1856,
Emma Smith

10 July 1804–30 Apr. 1879. Scribe, editor, boardinghouse operator, clothier. Born at Willingborough Township (later in Harmony), Susquehanna Co., Pennsylvania. Daughter of Isaac Hale and Elizabeth Lewis. Member of Methodist church at Harmony (later in Oakland...

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, her husband Lewis C. Bidamon, and her son
Joseph Smith III

6 Nov. 1832–10 Dec. 1914. Clerk, hotelier, farmer, justice of the peace, editor, minister. Born at Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio. Son of JS and Emma Hale. Moved to Far West, Caldwell Co., Missouri, 1838; to Quincy, Adams Co., Illinois, 1839; and to Commerce ...

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sold four Egyptian mummies, the papyrus fragments, and other papyrus rolls to Abel Combs.
2

Certificate and History of Egyptian Mummies and Records, Lewis C. Bidamon, Emma Smith Bidamon and Joseph Smith III, Nauvoo, IL, 26 May 1856, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Bidamon, Lewis C., Emma Smith Bidamon, and Joseph Smith III. Certificate of Sale to Abel Combs, Nauvoo, IL, 26 May 1856. CHL.

Combs separated the Egyptian artifacts and sold some of the rolls, two mummies, and some of the fragments to the
St. Louis

Located on west side of Mississippi River about fifteen miles south of confluence with Missouri River. Founded as fur-trading post by French settlers, 1764. Incorporated as town, 1809. First Mississippi steamboat docked by town, 1817. Incorporated as city...

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Museum. The St. Louis Museum then sold them to the
Chicago

Settled by Jean Baptiste Point du Sable, 1779. U.S. Fort Dearborn established, 1804. Town organized, 10 Aug. 1832. Incorporated as city, May 1837. Population in 1837 about 4,200; in 1840 about 4,500; and in 1844 about 11,000. Twenty-six members of Church ...

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Museum, which was later purchased by Joseph H. Wood, who changed the name of the museum to Wood’s Museum in Chicago. Wood’s Museum was destroyed by fire in 1871. Combs maintained possession of some of the fragments and possibly the other two mummies, which eventually passed to Edward and Alice Heusser. In 1947, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in
New York City

Dutch founded New Netherland colony, 1625. Incorporated under British control and renamed New York, 1664. Harbor contributed to economic and population growth of city; became largest city in American colonies. British troops defeated Continental Army under...

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purchased the papyri fragments from Edward Heusser. Aziz Y. Atiya uncovered the fragments in a collection of Egyptian documents housed in the Metropolitan Museum and helped transfer ownership of these fragments to the LDS church in November 1967.
3

Gee, Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri, 9; see also Peterson, Story of the Book of Abraham, 206–216, 236–247.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Gee, John. A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri. Provo, UT: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 2000.

Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: Cedar Fort, 2008.

The Egyptian papyri fragments are now preserved as one collection at the Church History Library.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    It is unclear when the Egyptian papyri were attached to portions of the plan of the House of the Lord and to other documents. In the fall of 1835 and through the late winter of 1835–1836, JS often displayed or allowed others to see the papyri.a In mid-February 1836, JS allowed Joseph Coe to exhibit the Egyptian papyri and mummies and charged Coe to manage the Egyptian materials, especially the manuscripts, with “prudence and care.”b JS may have had the papyri preserved before or at the time he had them on display. In the summer of 1840, an unnamed visitor to Nauvoo, Illinois, commented on being shown the Egyptian mummies and papyri by JS. According to the account, JS “walked to a secretary, on the opposite side of the room, and drew out several frames covered with glass, under which were numerous fragments of Egyptian papyrus, on which, as usual, a great variety of hieroglyphical characters had been imprinted. These ancient records, said he, throw great light upon the subject of Christianity. They have been unrolled and preserved with great labor and care.”c

    (aSee, for example, JS, Journal, 3 and 24 Oct. 1835; 30 Nov. 1835; 7, 12, 14, 16, and 23 Dec. 1835; 12 and 30 Jan. 1836; 3 and 11 Feb. 1836. bJS, Journal, 17 Feb. 1836. c“A Glance at the Mormons,” North American and Daily Advertiser [Philadelphia], 22 July 1840, [1].)

    North American and Daily Advertiser. Philadelphia. 1839–1845.

  2. [2]

    Certificate and History of Egyptian Mummies and Records, Lewis C. Bidamon, Emma Smith Bidamon and Joseph Smith III, Nauvoo, IL, 26 May 1856, CHL.

    Bidamon, Lewis C., Emma Smith Bidamon, and Joseph Smith III. Certificate of Sale to Abel Combs, Nauvoo, IL, 26 May 1856. CHL.

  3. [3]

    Gee, Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri, 9; see also Peterson, Story of the Book of Abraham, 206–216, 236–247.

    Gee, John. A Guide to the Joseph Smith Papyri. Provo, UT: Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, 2000.

    Peterson, H. Donl. The Story of the Book of Abraham: Mummies, Manuscripts, and Mormonism. Springville, UT: Cedar Fort, 2008.

Historical Introduction

The documents featured here are four fragments of a drawing of the interior floor plans for the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
, or temple, that was to be built in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
, Ohio.
Frederick G. Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

View Full Bio
likely drew the plans in June 1833, as they are similar to the plans of the
House of the Lord

Plans for Far West included temple on central block. Latter-day Saints in Caldwell Co. made preparations for construction and commenced excavating for foundation, 3 July 1837. However, while visiting Latter-day Saints in Far West, 6 Nov. 1837, JS gave instructions...

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he drew and sent to
Independence

Located twelve miles from western Missouri border. Permanently settled, platted, and designated county seat, 1827. Hub for steamboat travel on Missouri River. Point of departure for Santa Fe Trail. Population in 1831 about 300. Latter-day Saint population...

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, Missouri, that same summer.
1

See Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833; and Revised Plan of the House of the Lord, ca. 10 Aug.–ca. 4 Sept. 1833.


The original drawing was later cut into pieces, which were used as backings to preserve four pieces of Egyptian papyrus owned by JS; sections of the original drawing are visible on some of the rectos and versos of these backings. The sketches on the existing four fragments featured here reflect the early planning stages for building the House of the Lord in Kirtland.
A JS revelation dictated in late December 1832 called on members of the
Church of Christ

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
to “establish, an house, even an house of prayer an house of fasting, an house of faith, an house of Learning, an house of glory, an house of order an house of God” in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
.
2

Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:119].


On 1 June 1833, another JS revelation directed church members to make the construction of this religious house a higher priority than it had been. That revelation further directed that the house should “be built not after the manner of the world. for I give not unto you that ye shall live after the manner of the world. Therefore let it be built after the manner which I shall show unto three of you whom ye shall appoint and ordain unto this power.”
3

Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:13–14].


In early June 1833, a
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
of
high priests

An ecclesiastical and priesthood office. Christ and many ancient prophets, including Abraham, were described as being high priests. The Book of Mormon used the term high priest to denote one appointed to lead the church. However, the Book of Mormon also discussed...

View Glossary
began drafting construction plans and, adhering to the instructions of the 1 June revelation, appointed three men—JS,
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

View Full Bio
, and
Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

View Full Bio
, who together constituted the
presidency of the high priesthood

Both the office of the president of the high priesthood and the body comprising the president and his counselors; the presiding body of the church. In November 1831, a revelation directed the appointment of a president of the high priesthood. The individual...

View Glossary
—as those to whom God should show the manner in which the temple was to be built.
4

Minutes, ca. 1 June 1833; Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:14].


According to a reminiscent account from
Truman Angell

5 June 1810–16 Oct. 1887. Carpenter, joiner, architect, farmer. Born at North Providence, Providence Co., Rhode Island. Son of James W. Angell and Phebe Morton. Joined Freewill Baptist Church, ca. 1829. Married Polly Johnson of Genesee Co., New York, 7 Oct...

View Full Bio
, shortly after receiving this appointment the three men had a vision in which they were shown “the plan or model of the House to be built.”
5

Angell, Autobiography, 14.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Angell, Truman O. Autobiography, 1884. CHL. MS 12334. Also available in Archie Leon Brown and Charlene L. Hathaway, 141 Years of Mormon Heritage: Rawsons, Browns, Angells—Pioneers (Oakland, CA: By the authors, 1973), 119–135.

Williams likely drew the architectural plan featured here soon after this experience.
On 6 June 1833, a conference of high priests assigned
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

View Full Bio
,
Jared Carter

14 June 1801–6 July 1849. Born at Killingworth, Middlesex Co., Connecticut. Son of Gideon Carter and Johanna Sims. Moved to Benson, Rutland Co., Vermont, by 1810. Married Lydia Ames, 20 Sept. 1823, at Benson. Moved to Chenango, Broome Co., New York, by Jan...

View Full Bio
, and
Reynolds Cahoon

30 Apr. 1790–29 Apr. 1861. Farmer, tanner, builder. Born at Cambridge, Washington Co., New York. Son of William Cahoon Jr. and Mehitable Hodges. Married Thirza Stiles, 11 Dec. 1810. Moved to northeastern Ohio, 1811. Located at Harpersfield, Ashtabula Co.,...

View Full Bio
to oversee the building of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
.
6

Minutes, 6 June 1833.


These men composed the building committee, and they remained in that position until the building was completed in 1836. The conference also counseled the committee to “proceed immediately to commence building the House or obtaining material, Stone Brick Lumber &c.”
7

Minutes, 6 June 1833.


Hyrum Smith recorded in his diary under the date of 7 June, “This Day Commenced making Preparation for the Building the House of the Lord.”
8

Hyrum Smith, Diary, 7 June 1833, [15]. Historical records give conflicting accounts on what date the construction began. (See Notes for JS History, ca. 1843, [1]; Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1844–1845, bk. 14, [1]–[2].)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Smith, Hyrum. Diary, Mar.–Apr. 1839, Oct. 1840. CHL. MS 2945.

These preparations included digging trenches for the structure’s foundation. To begin excavating for the foundation, the members of the building committee would have needed to know the size of the building. They apparently learned those measurements from the 1 June revelation, which indicated the building should be fifty-five feet wide, a measurement that matches the drawing on fragment 2.
9

Concluding that the proportions on fragment 2 correspond to the measurements given in the 1 June revelation assumes the drawing on this fragment used the same scale (four feet to an inch) and had the same symmetrical design as the plan of the House of the Lord sent to Independence in June 1833. (See Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833.)


The committee likely used Williams’s drawings, of which the fragments featured here are a part, to begin construction on the House of the Lord in June 1833.
In late June, about three weeks after they reportedly saw in a vision the design of the
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
, the presidency of the high priesthood sent church leaders in
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

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a plat for the proposed city of
Zion

A specific location in Missouri; also a literal or figurative gathering of believers in Jesus Christ, characterized by adherence to ideals of harmony, equality, and purity. In JS’s earliest revelations “the cause of Zion” was used to broadly describe the ...

View Glossary
and an architectural drawing of the size and form of a
House of the Lord

Plans for Far West included temple on central block. Latter-day Saints in Caldwell Co. made preparations for construction and commenced excavating for foundation, 3 July 1837. However, while visiting Latter-day Saints in Far West, 6 Nov. 1837, JS gave instructions...

More Info
to be built in
Independence

Located twelve miles from western Missouri border. Permanently settled, platted, and designated county seat, 1827. Hub for steamboat travel on Missouri River. Point of departure for Santa Fe Trail. Population in 1831 about 300. Latter-day Saint population...

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, Jackson County, Missouri.
10

Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 25 June 1833; Plat of the City of Zion, ca. Early–25 June 1833; Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833.


In a 25 June 1833 letter, the presidency directed the Missouri church leaders to build a House of the Lord “immediately in Zion.” The presidency also informed them, “We have commenced building the House of the Lord in this place [Kirtland], and it goes on rapidly.”
11

Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 25 June 1833. By fall 1833, the trenches for the foundation of the House of the Lord had been dug four to five feet deep, the stone foundation had been completed, and some girders were in place to support the floor. When Ira Ames arrived in Kirtland around the beginning of October 1833, he “found the Saints had begun to build a Temple there, it was raised up to the first floor.” Construction in Kirtland temporarily halted in late 1833 and early 1834 because of a lack of building materials and because of a new priority to gather means to pay off debts and help relieve church members in Jackson County. Construction on the House of the Lord in Kirtland resumed in the spring of 1834 and proceeded slowly until its completion in 1836. (Ames, Autobiography, [10]; Frederick G. Williams, Kirtland, OH, to “Dear Brethren,” 10 Oct. 1833, in JS Letterbook 1, pp. 57–58; Johnson, “A Life Review,” 9–10; Johnson, Reminiscences and Journal, 18; Millet, Reminiscences, 3.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Ames, Ira. Autobiography and Journal, 1858. CHL. MS 6055.

Johnson, Benjamin Franklin. “A Life Review,” after 1893. Benjamin Franklin Johnson, Papers, 1852–1911. CHL. MS 1289 box 1, fd. 1.

Johnson, Joel Hills. Reminiscences and Journals, 1835–1882. 3 vols. Joel Hills Johnson, Papers, 1835–1882. CHL. MS 1546, fds. 1–3.

Millet, Artemus. Reminiscences, ca. 1855 and ca. 1872, as copied in 1936. CHL. MS 1600.

Given the instructions and news found in this letter, the Kirtland leaders almost certainly had both interior and exterior drawings of the Kirtland House of the Lord with sufficient detail to support the start of construction before 25 June. No known evidence exists of later revisions to the plans, though they were possibly revised as late as August 1833 when JS,
Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

View Full Bio
, and other Kirtland leaders revised the plans for the Independence House of the Lord.
The
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
temple

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
, when completed, retained the basic design and proportions of the floor plans drawn for the
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
temple

Plans for Far West included temple on central block. Latter-day Saints in Caldwell Co. made preparations for construction and commenced excavating for foundation, 3 July 1837. However, while visiting Latter-day Saints in Far West, 6 Nov. 1837, JS gave instructions...

More Info
in June and August. As did the Missouri temple plans, the completed House of the Lord in Kirtland had fourteen rows of pews in its center section, and the sizes of the pulpits in each set of temple plans appear to be virtually the same. In addition, the exterior drawings for the House of the Lord in Missouri are similar to what was eventually completed in Kirtland (no exterior drawings of the Kirtland House of the Lord are extant).
Some elements found in the floor plans of the
House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

More Info
in
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

More Info
, however, differ from elements in the plans of the House of the Lord sent to
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
in June and August. The measurements on the floor plans featured here conform to the dimensions specified for the Kirtland temple in the 1 June 1833 revelation (fifty-five feet wide by sixty-five feet long) rather than the dimensions drawn in the
Independence

Located twelve miles from western Missouri border. Permanently settled, platted, and designated county seat, 1827. Hub for steamboat travel on Missouri River. Point of departure for Santa Fe Trail. Population in 1831 about 300. Latter-day Saint population...

More Info
temple plans (sixty-one feet wide by seventy-eight feet long).
12

Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:15]; see also Revelation, 2 Aug. 1833–B [D&C 94:4, 11]. To determine that these dimensions conformed to the measurements given in the 1 June revelation, the size of the building was extrapolated from fragment 2. That fragment has the largest visible piece of the temple floor plan, which is large enough to measure the midpoint of the structure’s width. From the wall to the midpoint of the drawing measures 6⅞ inches. Assuming the same scale (four feet to an inch) and symmetrical design as the June Independence plan, doubling the midpoint makes the structure fifty-five feet wide, the width called for by the 1 June 1833 revelation.


Most of the measurable dimensions of the floor plan on fragment 2 are therefore slightly narrower or shorter than their counterparts on the
Independence

Located twelve miles from western Missouri border. Permanently settled, platted, and designated county seat, 1827. Hub for steamboat travel on Missouri River. Point of departure for Santa Fe Trail. Population in 1831 about 300. Latter-day Saint population...

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plans. Likely because the building was narrower, the floor plan on fragment 2 features only four rows of corner pews instead of five as were drawn in the plans for the Independence House of the Lord; the eventually completed temple in Kirtland contained four rows of pews in each corner. The narrower building also necessitated slightly narrower rows of pews and aisles, as shown on fragment 2, than the ones drawn on the plans sent to Independence.
Each of the extant temple plans features numerical notations that refer the viewer to information found in the plan’s accompanying textual explanation, though the explanation for the plan featured here is not extant. These numbers are different on each of the plans. For example, the pulpits on this
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

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plan all feature the numeral 5. The June
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

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plan, however, uses numerals 1 through 4 to denote each set of pulpits, and the August Missouri plan marks its pulpits with the numerals 1 through 8. Additionally, the numerical notations of the August plan—particularly those associated with the chimneys, the aisles, and the stands next to the pulpits—are different from the notations on the floor plans featured here.
Because of the complexity of these documents and the difficulty of transcribing drawings, the following presentation includes photographs of each fragment after the transcript of the text on the fragment. These fragments represent not only the earliest but also the only known contemporaneous drawings of the
Kirtland

Located ten miles south of Lake Erie. Settled by 1811. Organized by 1818. Latter-day Saint missionaries visited township, early Nov. 1830; many residents joined Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Population in 1830 about 55 Latter-day Saints and...

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House of the Lord

JS revelation, dated Jan. 1831, directed Latter-day Saints to migrate to Ohio, where they would “be endowed with power from on high.” In Dec. 1832, JS revelation directed Saints to “establish . . . an house of God.” JS revelation, dated 1 June 1833, chastened...

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.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833; and Revised Plan of the House of the Lord, ca. 10 Aug.–ca. 4 Sept. 1833.

  2. [2]

    Revelation, 27–28 Dec. 1832 [D&C 88:119].

  3. [3]

    Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:13–14].

  4. [4]

    Minutes, ca. 1 June 1833; Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:14].

  5. [5]

    Angell, Autobiography, 14.

    Angell, Truman O. Autobiography, 1884. CHL. MS 12334. Also available in Archie Leon Brown and Charlene L. Hathaway, 141 Years of Mormon Heritage: Rawsons, Browns, Angells—Pioneers (Oakland, CA: By the authors, 1973), 119–135.

  6. [6]

    Minutes, 6 June 1833.

  7. [7]

    Minutes, 6 June 1833.

  8. [8]

    Hyrum Smith, Diary, 7 June 1833, [15]. Historical records give conflicting accounts on what date the construction began. (See Notes for JS History, ca. 1843, [1]; Lucy Mack Smith, History, 1844–1845, bk. 14, [1]–[2].)

    Smith, Hyrum. Diary, Mar.–Apr. 1839, Oct. 1840. CHL. MS 2945.

  9. [9]

    Concluding that the proportions on fragment 2 correspond to the measurements given in the 1 June revelation assumes the drawing on this fragment used the same scale (four feet to an inch) and had the same symmetrical design as the plan of the House of the Lord sent to Independence in June 1833. (See Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833.)

  10. [10]

    Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 25 June 1833; Plat of the City of Zion, ca. Early–25 June 1833; Plan of the House of the Lord, between 1 and 25 June 1833.

  11. [11]

    Letter to Church Leaders in Jackson Co., MO, 25 June 1833. By fall 1833, the trenches for the foundation of the House of the Lord had been dug four to five feet deep, the stone foundation had been completed, and some girders were in place to support the floor. When Ira Ames arrived in Kirtland around the beginning of October 1833, he “found the Saints had begun to build a Temple there, it was raised up to the first floor.” Construction in Kirtland temporarily halted in late 1833 and early 1834 because of a lack of building materials and because of a new priority to gather means to pay off debts and help relieve church members in Jackson County. Construction on the House of the Lord in Kirtland resumed in the spring of 1834 and proceeded slowly until its completion in 1836. (Ames, Autobiography, [10]; Frederick G. Williams, Kirtland, OH, to “Dear Brethren,” 10 Oct. 1833, in JS Letterbook 1, pp. 57–58; Johnson, “A Life Review,” 9–10; Johnson, Reminiscences and Journal, 18; Millet, Reminiscences, 3.)

    Ames, Ira. Autobiography and Journal, 1858. CHL. MS 6055.

    Johnson, Benjamin Franklin. “A Life Review,” after 1893. Benjamin Franklin Johnson, Papers, 1852–1911. CHL. MS 1289 box 1, fd. 1.

    Johnson, Joel Hills. Reminiscences and Journals, 1835–1882. 3 vols. Joel Hills Johnson, Papers, 1835–1882. CHL. MS 1546, fds. 1–3.

    Millet, Artemus. Reminiscences, ca. 1855 and ca. 1872, as copied in 1936. CHL. MS 1600.

  12. [12]

    Revelation, 1 June 1833 [D&C 95:15]; see also Revelation, 2 Aug. 1833–B [D&C 94:4, 11]. To determine that these dimensions conformed to the measurements given in the 1 June revelation, the size of the building was extrapolated from fragment 2. That fragment has the largest visible piece of the temple floor plan, which is large enough to measure the midpoint of the structure’s width. From the wall to the midpoint of the drawing measures 6⅞ inches. Assuming the same scale (four feet to an inch) and symmetrical design as the June Independence plan, doubling the midpoint makes the structure fifty-five feet wide, the width called for by the 1 June 1833 revelation.

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Fragment 4 (Recto)
[Partial drawing of center pews behind papyrus]
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Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Plan of the House of the Lord in Kirtland, Ohio (Fragments), circa June 1833
ID #
8144
Total Pages
6
Print Volume Location
JSP, D3:91–102
Handwriting on This Page
  • Frederick G. Williams

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