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Revelation, 15 March 1832 [D&C 81]

Source Note

Revelation,
Hiram Township

Area settled by immigrants from Pennsylvania and New England, ca. 1802. Located in northeastern Ohio about twenty-five miles southeast of Kirtland. Population in 1830 about 500. Population in 1840 about 1,100. JS lived in township at home of John and Alice...

More Info
, OH, 15 Mar. 1832. Featured version copied [between 15 Mar. and ca. 1 Apr. 1832] in Revelation Book 2, pp. 17–18; handwriting of
Frederick G. Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

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; CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for Revelation Book 2.

Historical Introduction

The index to Revelation Book 2 identifies “
Jesse Gauze [Gause]

Ca. 1784–ca. Sept. 1836. Schoolteacher. Born at East Marlborough, Chester Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Gause (Goss) and Mary Beverly. Joined Society of Friends (Quakers), 1806. Moved to Fayette Co., Pennsylvania, 1808; to Chester Co., 1811; and to Wilmington...

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” as the subject of this 15 March 1832 revelation, although the revelation refers to him only as “Jesse.” Gause had recently been called as a counselor to JS in the
presidency of the high priesthood

Both the office of the president of the high priesthood and the body comprising the president and his counselors; the presiding body of the church. In November 1831, a revelation directed the appointment of a president of the high priesthood. The individual...

View Glossary
.
1

Revelation Book 2, Index, [1]; Note, 8 Mar. 1832.


A November 1831 revelation declared that presidents were to be appointed to preside over groups of men who held various offices, including the office of
high priest

An ecclesiastical and priesthood office. Christ and many ancient prophets, including Abraham, were described as being high priests. The Book of Mormon used the term high priest to denote one appointed to lead the church. However, the Book of Mormon also discussed...

View Glossary
.
2

Revelation, 11 Nov. 1831–B [D&C 107:60–65].


JS was
ordained

The conferral of power and authority; to appoint, decree, or set apart. Church members, primarily adults, were ordained to ecclesiastical offices and other responsibilities by the laying on of hands by those with the proper authority. Ordinations to priesthood...

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president of the
high priesthood

The authority and power held by certain officers in the church. The Book of Mormon referred to the high priesthood as God’s “holy order, which was after the order of his Son,” and indicated that Melchizedek, a biblical figure, was a high priest “after this...

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at a 25 January 1832
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
in
Amherst

Located in northeastern Ohio on southern shore of Lake Erie. Area settled, ca. 1810. County organized, 1824. Formed from Black River Township, Dec. 1829. Population in 1830 about 600. Population in 1840 about 1,200. Parley P. Pratt settled in township, Dec...

More Info
, Ohio.
3

Minute Book 2, 26–27 Apr. 1832.


On 8 March 1832, JS appointed Gause and
Sidney Rigdon

19 Feb. 1793–14 July 1876. Tanner, farmer, minister. Born at St. Clair, Allegheny Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Rigdon and Nancy Gallaher. Joined United Baptists, ca. 1818. Preached at Warren, Trumbull Co., Ohio, and vicinity, 1819–1821. Married Phebe...

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as “councillers of the ministry of the presidency of th[e] high Pristhood.”
4

For more information on the appointment of Gause and Rigdon as counselors, see Historical Introduction to Note, 8 Mar. 1832.


While Rigdon had been associated with JS almost since Rigdon’s
baptism

An ordinance in which an individual is immersed in water for the remission of sins. The Book of Mormon explained that those with necessary authority were to baptize individuals who had repented of their sins. Baptized individuals also received the gift of...

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in November 1830, Gause was a relatively new member, baptized sometime in late 1831 or early 1832.
5

No record of Gause’s baptism has been found. In October 1831, he was living in North Union, Ohio, a Shaker community fifteen miles from Kirtland, which indicates that his baptism did not occur until sometime after that. (Jennings, “Consequential Counselor,” 198–199.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jennings, Erin B. “The Consequential Counselor: Restoring the Root(s) of Jesse Gause.” Journal of Mormon History 34 (Spring 2008): 182–227.

This 15 March 1832 revelation instructed Gause in his duties as counselor. In addition, it acknowledged JS as president of the high priesthood and stated that “the keys of the Kingdom” rested with him.
Because
Gause

Ca. 1784–ca. Sept. 1836. Schoolteacher. Born at East Marlborough, Chester Co., Pennsylvania. Son of William Gause (Goss) and Mary Beverly. Joined Society of Friends (Quakers), 1806. Moved to Fayette Co., Pennsylvania, 1808; to Chester Co., 1811; and to Wilmington...

View Full Bio
apparently acted as a scribe for JS’s revisions of the New Testament between 8 and 20 March 1832,
6

Jennings, “Consequential Counselor,” 183.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jennings, Erin B. “The Consequential Counselor: Restoring the Root(s) of Jesse Gause.” Journal of Mormon History 34 (Spring 2008): 182–227.

it is likely that the nonextant original manuscript of this revelation was in Gause’s own handwriting.
Frederick G. Williams

28 Oct. 1787–10 Oct. 1842. Ship’s pilot, teacher, physician, justice of the peace. Born at Suffield, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of William Wheeler Williams and Ruth Granger. Moved to Newburg, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, 1799. Practiced Thomsonian botanical system...

View Full Bio
copied the revelation into Revelation Book 2, probably sometime before 1 April 1832. At a later point—sometime after the appointment of Williams as a counselor to JS in January 1833
7

Williams replaced Gause, who was excommunicated in December 1832. (JS, Journal, 3 Dec. 1832.)


—
Oliver Cowdery

3 Oct. 1806–3 Mar. 1850. Clerk, teacher, justice of the peace, lawyer, newspaper editor. Born at Wells, Rutland Co., Vermont. Son of William Cowdery and Rebecca Fuller. Raised Congregationalist. Moved to western New York and clerked at a store, ca. 1825–1828...

View Full Bio
replaced Gause’s name with Williams’s in the Revelation Book 2 copy (which is the version featured below).
8

Revelation Book 2, pp. 17–18; Minute Book 1, 18 Mar. 1833. In the copy of this revelation made by John Whitmer in Revelation Book 1, Gause’s name was also later crossed out and Williams’s name inserted. (Revelation Book 1, p. 139.)


Someone—likely Cowdery—crossed out Gause’s name as well. The published versions of this revelation in the 1835 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants, the 1844 edition of the Doctrine and Covenants, and the 15 August 1844 issue of the Times and Seasons all have Williams’s name instead of Gause’s.
9

Doctrine and Covenants 79, 1835 ed.; Doctrine and Covenants 80, 1844 ed.; “History of Joseph Smith,” Times and Seasons, 15 Aug. 1844, 5:609.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

This indicates that JS and others regarded this revelation as containing general information about the duties of a counselor, rather than instructions specific to Gause.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Revelation Book 2, Index, [1]; Note, 8 Mar. 1832.

  2. [2]

    Revelation, 11 Nov. 1831–B [D&C 107:60–65].

  3. [3]

    Minute Book 2, 26–27 Apr. 1832.

  4. [4]

    For more information on the appointment of Gause and Rigdon as counselors, see Historical Introduction to Note, 8 Mar. 1832.

  5. [5]

    No record of Gause’s baptism has been found. In October 1831, he was living in North Union, Ohio, a Shaker community fifteen miles from Kirtland, which indicates that his baptism did not occur until sometime after that. (Jennings, “Consequential Counselor,” 198–199.)

    Jennings, Erin B. “The Consequential Counselor: Restoring the Root(s) of Jesse Gause.” Journal of Mormon History 34 (Spring 2008): 182–227.

  6. [6]

    Jennings, “Consequential Counselor,” 183.

    Jennings, Erin B. “The Consequential Counselor: Restoring the Root(s) of Jesse Gause.” Journal of Mormon History 34 (Spring 2008): 182–227.

  7. [7]

    Williams replaced Gause, who was excommunicated in December 1832. (JS, Journal, 3 Dec. 1832.)

  8. [8]

    Revelation Book 2, pp. 17–18; Minute Book 1, 18 Mar. 1833. In the copy of this revelation made by John Whitmer in Revelation Book 1, Gause’s name was also later crossed out and Williams’s name inserted. (Revelation Book 1, p. 139.)

  9. [9]

    Doctrine and Covenants 79, 1835 ed.; Doctrine and Covenants 80, 1844 ed.; “History of Joseph Smith,” Times and Seasons, 15 Aug. 1844, 5:609.

    Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Revelation, 15 March 1832 [D&C 81] Revelation Book 2 Revelation Book 1 Doctrine and Covenants, 1835 History, 1838–1856, volume A-1 [23 December 1805–30 August 1834] Doctrine and Covenants, 1844 “History of Joseph Smith”

Page 18

to the calling wherewith your called even to be a
high Priest

An ecclesiastical and priesthood office. Christ and many ancient prophets, including Abraham, were described as being high priests. The Book of Mormon used the term high priest to denote one appointed to lead the church. However, the Book of Mormon also discussed...

View Glossary
in my
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
2

The date of Gause’s ordination to the high priesthood is not known.


and councellor unto my servant Joseph unto whom <​I​> have given the
keys

Authority or knowledge of God given to humankind. In the earliest records, the term keys primarily referred to JS’s authority to unlock the “mysteries of the kingdom.” Early revelations declared that both JS and Oliver Cowdery held the keys to bring forth...

View Glossary
of the Kingdom which belongs to always to the
prisidency of the high Priesthood

Both the office of the president of the high priesthood and the body comprising the president and his counselors; the presiding body of the church. In November 1831, a revelation directed the appointment of a president of the high priesthood. The individual...

View Glossary
;
3

“Prisidency of the high Priesthood” likely refers here to the office of president, since JS’s counselors were not made “equal in holding the keys of the Kingdom with Brother Joseph Smith” until 18 March 1833. (Minute Book 1, 18 Mar. 1833.)


therefor verily I acknowledge him and will bless him and also thee inasmuch as thou art faithful in councel in the office which I have appointed unto you and in prayer always vocally and in thy heart in public and in private also in the ministry in proclaiming the gospel in the Land of the living and among thy Brethren and in doing these things thou wilt do the greatest good unto thy fellow beings and will promote the glory of him who is your Lord wherefore be faithful stand in the office I have appointed you succour the weak lift up the hands that hang down and strengthen the weak knees
4

See Hebrews 12:12; and Isaiah 35:3.


and if thou act faithfully unto the end thou shalt have a crown of Immortality and eternal life in the mansions which I have prepared in the house of my father, Behold and lo these are the words of Alpha and Omega even Jesus Christ Amen [p. 18]
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Source Note

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Page 18

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Revelation, 15 March 1832 [D&C 81]
ID #
2953
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D2:207–208
Handwriting on This Page
  • Frederick G. Williams

Footnotes

  1. [2]

    The date of Gause’s ordination to the high priesthood is not known.

  2. [3]

    “Prisidency of the high Priesthood” likely refers here to the office of president, since JS’s counselors were not made “equal in holding the keys of the Kingdom with Brother Joseph Smith” until 18 March 1833. (Minute Book 1, 18 Mar. 1833.)

  3. [4]

    See Hebrews 12:12; and Isaiah 35:3.

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