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Introduction to State of Illinois v. Williams et al. and State of Illinois v. Elliott–C Subpoena, 11 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C] Docket Entry, 11–12 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C] Trial Report, circa 12 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C] Trial Report, 13 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C]

Trial Report, circa 12 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C]

Source Note

Trial Report,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, Hancock Co., IL, ca. [12] Feb. 1845, State of IL v. Elliott–C (Hancock Co., IL, Justice of the Peace Court 1845); in “Examination of John C. Elliott,” Nauvoo Neighbor, 19 Feb. 1845, [2]–[3].

Historical Introduction

See Introduction to State of Illinois v. Williams et al. and State of Illinois v. Elliott–C.

Page [2]

EXAMINATION OF
JOHN C. ELLIOTT

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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.
-[Reported for the Neighbor.]-
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, February 13, 1845.
Mr. Editor:
Knowing that everything that transpires in this place is of interest to the world at large, I take this method to relate the circumstances and evidence elicited in the progress of an examination which took place here on yesterday.
A person named
John C. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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had been lounging about our
city

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, for a time past, on pretence of legal business partaining to the sheriffality. His demeanor engendered suspicious feelings in the minds of the citizens towards him, which feelings were heightened by some knowledge of his previous conduct. At length he was recognized as being one of the characters in the lamented murder of Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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. He was arrested, upon affadavit being made by
John Scott

6 May 1811–16 Dec. 1876. Joiner, farmer, military officer. Born in Armagh, Co. Armagh, Ireland. Son of Jacob Scott and Sarah Warnock. Immigrated to York, Upper Canada, ca. May 1819. Moved to Trafalgar, Halton Co., Upper Canada (later in Oakville, Regional...

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, a worthy citizen of this city.— The arrest took place on Tuesday morning, the 11th inst. Subpoenas for witnesses were immediately issued in behalf of the
State

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

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and Defence. At 7 o’clock Tuesday evening, the
prisoner

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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came into court and requested trial. Some of the witnesses for the
State

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

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, residing in the
Territory of Iowa

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803. First permanent white settlements established, ca. 1833. Organized as territory, 1838, containing all of present-day Iowa, much of present-day Minnesota, and parts of North and South Dakota. Population in...

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, and other distant points in this State, had not yet arrived; consequently the state was not prepared to join issue, and the examination was postponed until the following morning.
Wednesday morning, 8 o’clock.— Court met at the Masonic Hall.
The
prisoner

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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entered with his counsel, and was seated. He looked to be a man of some twenty six or eight years; near five feet eight inches tall; stoutly built, and athletic. He had on a jeans coat, with large pearl buttons, which was united at the upper part of his breast in a careless manner. The pants were taken for casinett and were considerably tattered. This dress was covered by an overcoat, cut from a green Mackinaw blanket.— When he doffed his white nutria hat, it disclosed a prominent forehead and a rather disordered head of black hair. His countenance was dark; his eyes were hazle and sunk to a considerable depth in his head, over which jutted out his heavy dark eyebrows, which a continual scowl knit closely together, giving him at once a savage and heartless look. During the progress of the examination, he flourished a pearl handled dirk knife, which he plied with considerable dexterity in the cavity of his ample mouth, which filled the office of a tooth-pick. Not to be tedious, he seemed the reality of some one of those desperate characters so often portrayed upon the pleasant page of romance; and we might have immagined in our midst the gloomy presance of one who helped make up the history of the bloody ‘Three Spaniards.’
The Court was called to order by
Esquire [Aaron] Johnson

22 June 1806–10 May 1877. Farmer, gunmaker. Born in Haddam, Middlesex Co., Connecticut. Son of Didymus Johnson and Ruhamah Stephens. Joined Methodist church, early 1820s. Married Polly Zeruah Kelsey, 13 Sept. 1827, in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut...

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, at whose request Esquires
[Daniel H.] Wells

27 Oct. 1814–24 Mar. 1891. Farmer, teacher, ferry operator, lumber merchant, manager of nail factory, politician. Born in Trenton, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Daniel Wells and Catherine Chapin. Moved to Marietta, Washington Co., Ohio, ca. 1832. Moved to ...

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and
[Isaac] Higbee

23 Dec. 1797–16 Feb. 1874. Farmer, merchant, judge. Born in Galloway, Gloucester Co., New Jersey. Son of Isaac Higbee and Sophia Somers. Moved to Clermont Co., Ohio, ca. 1802. Married Keziah String, 11 Feb. 1819, in Clermont Co. Moved to Cincinnati, by 1830...

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took the Bench, as associate justices.
Esquire [George] Stiles

18 July 1816–Sept. 1885. Attorney, judge, politician. Born in Watertown, Jefferson Co., New York. Son of John Stiles and Persis Cole. Moved to Le Ray, Jefferson Co., by 1820. Moved to Pamela, Jefferson Co., by 1830. Married first Julian Mackemer, 7 Nov. 1841...

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appeared as council for the State, and Esquires Sweatland and
Backman [George Bachman]

ca. 1802–after Mar. 1857. Possibly born in New York. Son of Jacob Bachman and Sarah Borzenbanack. Practiced law in Springfield, Sangamon Co., Illinois, and in Hancock Co., Illinois, 1840s. Member of jury that testified about manner of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

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for the Defence.
The
State

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

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urged the postponement of the trial a short time for the procuring of important witnesses.
The defence objected and demanded immediate trial.
The court decided to proceed.
EVIDENCE FOR THE STATE.
John Scott

6 May 1811–16 Dec. 1876. Joiner, farmer, military officer. Born in Armagh, Co. Armagh, Ireland. Son of Jacob Scott and Sarah Warnock. Immigrated to York, Upper Canada, ca. May 1819. Moved to Trafalgar, Halton Co., Upper Canada (later in Oakville, Regional...

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examined.
He knew nothing personally;but sufficient upon which to found an affidavit for arrest. Stood aside.
Daniel Avery

1 July 1797–16 Oct. 1851. Farmer, carpenter. Born in Oswego Co., New York. Son of Daniel Avery and Sarah. Moved to Franklin Co., Ohio, by 1821. Married Margaret Adams, 4 Jan. 1821, in Franklin Co. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry...

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examined.
Question.
Mr. Avery

1 July 1797–16 Oct. 1851. Farmer, carpenter. Born in Oswego Co., New York. Son of Daniel Avery and Sarah. Moved to Franklin Co., Ohio, by 1821. Married Margaret Adams, 4 Jan. 1821, in Franklin Co. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry...

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, are you acquainted with the
prisoner

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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?
Answer. I am.
Q. Did you ever hear him threaten the lives of Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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?
A. I will relate. I became acquainted with
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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on the 2nd of December, one year ago. He was one of the persons who assisted in kidnapping me, on that date. I was at Doty’s mill, in this
county

Formed from Pike Co., 1825. Described in 1837 as predominantly prairie and “deficient in timber.” Early settlers came mainly from mid-Atlantic and southern states. Population in 1835 about 3,200; in 1840 about 9,900; and in 1844 at least 15,000. Carthage ...

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. They there took me by force and tied my feet under the horse’s belly; when
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

View Full Bio
took the reins of the bridle, and they started; he forcing me through brush and over ravines, in a cruel and unfeeling manner. His treatment to me was anything but humane. They shunned the main road as much as possible, as I supposed, to prevent detection. The most that I counted in this company, at any time, were eighteen or twenty men. They were cursing and swearing continually about the Mormons, threatening their lives and the lives of Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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in particular.
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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declared he was ready at any time, at a moment’s warning, to assist the Missourians, or any body else, to take their lives. He said Joe Smith, (as he called him,) was a d—d villain, and that he would take his life. If I -[witness]- know any thing of the nature of a covenant, they certainly entered into a covenant that night to take the lives of not only Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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, but of all the leading men of the church. Said they: We have got one d—d Mormon (meaning myself,) but this is just a commencement, for we will not cease our exertions until we have got them all. During our march they tried to ascertain from me where certain men lived (calling their names) who belonged to the Mormon church; but I thought that to be a time when the truth was not to be spoken in every instance, and I evaded their enquiries. Under the dark cover of night, they conveyed me to the shore of the
Mississippi river

Principal U.S. river running southward from Itasca Lake, Minnesota, to Gulf of Mexico. Covered 3,160-mile course, 1839 (now about 2,350 miles). Drains about 1,100,000 square miles. Steamboat travel on Mississippi very important in 1830s and 1840s for shipping...

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, where they dislodged me from the horse, bound me and placed me in a skiff. I supposed their intention was to drown me—I had no other idea. I concluded my hour had come to die, and I made up my mind to meet my fate. But I was mistaken. They conveyed me across the river into the State of
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

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, where (no thanks to
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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) I was afterwards released.
Q.
Mr. Avery

1 July 1797–16 Oct. 1851. Farmer, carpenter. Born in Oswego Co., New York. Son of Daniel Avery and Sarah. Moved to Franklin Co., Ohio, by 1821. Married Margaret Adams, 4 Jan. 1821, in Franklin Co. Moved to Worthington, Franklin Co., by Sept. 1825; to Perry...

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, how do you know
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

View Full Bio
was in that company?
A. I recognize him from his appearance, and I also heard one of the company accidentally call his name. Furthermore, he offered me his hand the other day (which I refused to accept,) wishing me to be reconciled, after what he had done.
Q. Did you know the name of any other person engaged in that transaction?
A. I heard them call the name of Col.
[Levi] Williams

18 Apr. 1794–27 Nov. 1860. Postmaster, farmer, military officer. Born in Madison Co., Kentucky. Married Mary (Polly) Reid. Moved to Hancock Co., Illinois, ca. 1831, eventually settling in Green Plains. Served in Black Hawk War, 1832. Served as captain in ...

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.
Q. Do you know the date on which the murder of Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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was committed?
A. They were murdered on the 27th of June 1844, some six or seven months after they had covenanted to take their lives.
Benj. Brackenberry [Brackenbury] examined.
Witness

27 Apr. 1827–8 May 1897. Farmer, blacksmith. Born in New London, Huron Co., Ohio. Son of Joseph Blanchett Brackenbury and Elizabeth Davis. Moved to Whitmer Settlement, Jackson Co., Missouri, by ca. spring 1832; to Wayne City (later Sugar Creek), Jackson and...

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. I don’t know as I know much about this matter.
Q. Do you know anything about
Mr. Elliott

Ca. 1820–3 Oct. 1862. Schoolmaster, deputy sheriff, constable, clerk, marshal. Born in Butler Co., Ohio. Lived four miles south of Warsaw, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1843, where he worked as a schoolmaster. Arrested for and later acquitted of kidnapping Daniel...

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’s being engaged in the murder of Joseph and
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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?
Witness

27 Apr. 1827–8 May 1897. Farmer, blacksmith. Born in New London, Huron Co., Ohio. Son of Joseph Blanchett Brackenbury and Elizabeth Davis. Moved to Whitmer Settlement, Jackson Co., Missouri, by ca. spring 1832; to Wayne City (later Sugar Creek), Jackson and...

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. I will answer as far as I know: I was at work for a man who hired his team to carry baggage for the troops, and I was sent to drive it. When we got to the crossing of the rail-road, the troops were disbanded. A company of volunteers were then raised to go to
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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, and my team [p. [2]]
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Related Case Documents

State of Illinois v. Elliott–C, Nauvoo, IL, Justice of the Peace Court, 12 February 1845

Editorial Title
Trial Report, circa 12 February 1845 [State of Illinois v. Elliott–C]
ID #
19257
Total Pages
2
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