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History, 1838–1856, volume F-1 [1 May 1844–8 August 1844]

1 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 1 2 May 1844 • Thursday Page 1 3 May 1844 • Friday Page 2 4 May 1844 • Saturday Page 5 5 May 1844 • Sunday Page 6 6 May 1844 • Monday Page 6 7 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 6 8 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 7 9 May 1844 • Thursday Page 15 10 May 1844 • Friday Page 16 11 May 1844 • Saturday Page 16 12 May 1844 • Sunday Page 16 13 May 1844 • Monday Page 22 14 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 33 15 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 33 16 May 1844 • Thursday Page 34 17 May 1844 • Friday Page 39 18 May 1844 • Saturday Page 50 19 May 1844 • Sunday Page 50 20 May 1844 • Monday Page 50 21 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 50 22 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 52 23 May 1844 • Thursday Page 52 24 May 1844 • Friday Page 53 25 May 1844 • Saturday Page 53 26 May 1844 • Sunday Page 58 27 May 1844 • Monday Page 61 28 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 62 29 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 62 30 May 1844 • Thursday Page 63 31 May 1844 • Friday Page 67 1 June 1844 • Saturday Page 68 Addenda • 1 June 1844 Page 1 [addenda] 2 June 1844 • Sunday Page 69 3 June 1844 • Monday Page 69 4 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 69 5 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 70 6 June 1844 • Thursday Page 70 7 June 1844 • Friday Page 71 8 June 1844 • Saturday Page 71 Addenda • 8 June 1844 Page 1 [addenda] 9 June 1844 • Sunday Page 73 10 June 1844 • Monday Page 74 11 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 85 12 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 87 13 June 1844 • Thursday Page 94 14 June 1844 • Friday Page 97 15 June 1844 • Saturday Page 100 Addenda • 15 June 1844 Page 1 [addenda] 16 June 1844 • Sunday Page 101 17 June 1844 • Monday Page 109 18 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 116 19 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 121 20 June 1844 • Thursday Page 123 21 June 1844 • Friday Page 132 22 June 1844 • Saturday • First of Two Entries Page 136 Account of Arrest, Imprisonment, and Martyrdom, 22–29 June 1844 Page 147 Compiled History, 22 June–8 August 1844 Page 228 22 June 1844 • Saturday • Second of Two Entries Page 228 Addenda • 22 June 1844 Page 1 [addenda] 23 June 1844 • Sunday • First of Two Entries Page 147 23 June 1844 • Sunday • Second of Two Entries Page 228 Addenda • 23 June 1844 Page 2 [addenda] 24 June 1844 • Monday • First of Two Entries Page 151 24 June 1844 • Monday • Second of Two Entries Page 228 25 June 1844 • Tuesday • First of Two Entries Page 155 25 June 1844 • Tuesday • Second of Two Entries Page 228 Addenda • 25 June 1844 Page 2 [addenda] 26 June 1844 • Wednesday • First of Two Entries Page 162 26 June 1844 • Wednesday • Second of Two Entries Page 229 Addenda • 26 June 1844 Page 3 [addenda] 27 June 1844 • Thursday • First of Two Entries Page 174 27 June 1844 • Thursday • Second of Two Entries Page 229 28 June 1844 • Friday • First of Two Entries Page 188 28 June 1844 • Friday • Second of Two Entries Page 230 29 June 1844 • Saturday • First of Two Entries Page 189 29 June 1844 • Saturday • Second of Two Entries Page 232 30 June 1844 • Sunday Page 239 1 July 1844 • Monday Page 242 2 July 1844 • Tuesday Page 247 3 July 1844 • Wednesday Page 249 4 July 1844 • Thursday Page 252 5 July 1844 • Friday Page 255 6 July 1844 • Saturday Page 255 7 July 1844 • Sunday Page 255 8 July 1844 • Monday Page 256 9 July 1844 • Tuesday Page 257 10 July 1844 • Wednesday Page 260 11 July 1844 • Thursday Page 265 12 July 1844 • Friday Page 266 13 July 1844 • Saturday Page 266 14 July 1844 • Sunday Page 266 15 July 1844 • Monday Page 267 16 July 1844 • Tuesday Page 271 17 July 1844 • Wednesday Page 273 18 July 1844 • Thursday Page 274 19 July 1844 • Friday Page 276 20 July 1844 • Saturday Page 276 21 July 1844 • Sunday Page 276 22 July 1844 • Monday Page 276 23 July 1844 • Tuesday Page 278 24 July 1844 • Wednesday Page 278 25 July 1844 • Thursday Page 283 26 July 1844 • Friday Page 285 27 July 1844 • Saturday Page 285 28 July 1844 • Sunday Page 285 Addenda • 28 July 1844 Page 8 [addenda] 29 July 1844 • Monday Page 286 Addenda • 29 July 1844 Page 9 [addenda] 30 July 1844 • Tuesday Page 286 Addenda • 30 July 1844 Page 9 [addenda] 31 July 1844 • Wednesday Page 286 1 August 1844 • Thursday Page 287 2 August 1844 • Friday Page 293 Addenda • 2 August 1844 Page 9 [addenda] 3 August 1844 • Saturday Page 293 4 August 1844 • Sunday Page 293 Addenda • 4 August 1844 Page 10 [addenda] 5 August 1844 • Monday Page 294 Addenda • 5 August 1844 Page 10 [addenda] 6 August 1844 • Tuesday Page 295 Addenda • 6 August 1844 Page 10 [addenda] 7 August 1844 • Wednesday Page 295 8 August 1844 • Thursday Page 296

Source Note

JS, History, 1838–1856, vol. F-1, created 9 Apr.–7 June 1856 and 20 Aug. 1856–6 Nov. 1856; handwriting of
Leo Hawkins

19 July 1834–28 May 1859. Clerk, reporter. Born in London. Son of Samuel Harris Hawkins and Charlotte Savage. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by John Banks, 23 Oct. 1848. Immigrated to U.S. with his family; arrived in New Orleans...

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and Jonathan Grimshaw; 304 pages, plus 10 pages of addenda; CHL. This is the final volume of a six-volume manuscript history of the church. This sixth volume covers the period from 1 May to 8 Aug. 1844; the remaining five volumes, labeled A-1 through E-1, go through 30 Apr. 1844.

Historical Introduction

History, 1838-1856, volume F-1, constitutes the last of six volumes documenting the life of Joseph Smith and the early years of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The series is also known as the Manuscript History of the Church and was originally published serially from 1842 to 1846 and 1851 to 1858 as the “History of Joseph Smith” in the Times and Seasons and Deseret News. This volume contains JS’s history from 1 May 1844 to the events following his 27 June 1844 death, and it was compiled in Utah Territory in 1856.
The material recorded in volume F-1 was initially compiled under the direction of church historian
George A. Smith

26 June 1817–1 Sept. 1875. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Son of John Smith and Clarissa Lyman. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Joseph H. Wakefield, 10 Sept. 1832, at Potsdam. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio,...

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, who was JS’s cousin, and also assistant church historian
Wilford Woodruff

1 Mar. 1807–2 Sept. 1898. Farmer, miller. Born at Farmington, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of Aphek Woodruff and Beulah Thompson. Moved to Richland, Oswego Co., New York, 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Zera Pulsipher,...

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. Smith collaborated with
Thomas Bullock

23 Dec. 1816–10 Feb. 1885. Farmer, excise officer, secretary, clerk. Born in Leek, Staffordshire, England. Son of Thomas Bullock and Mary Hall. Married Henrietta Rushton, 25 June 1838. Moved to Ardee, Co. Louth, Ireland, Nov. 1839; to Isle of Anglesey, Aug...

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in collecting material for the volume and creating a set of draft notes, which Smith dictated to Bullock and other clerks. Woodruff gathered additional material concerning the death of Joseph Smith as a supplement to George A. Smith’s work recording that event. Jonathan Grimshaw and
Leo Hawkins

19 July 1834–28 May 1859. Clerk, reporter. Born in London. Son of Samuel Harris Hawkins and Charlotte Savage. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by John Banks, 23 Oct. 1848. Immigrated to U.S. with his family; arrived in New Orleans...

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, members of the Historian’s Office staff, transcribed the draft notes into the volume along with the text of designated documents.
According to the Historian’s Office journal, Jonathan Grimshaw initiated work on the text of volume F-1 on 9 April 1856, soon after Robert L. Campbell had completed work on volume E-1. (Historian’s Office, Journal, 5 and 9 Apr. 1856.) Grimshaw’s scribal work begins with an entry for 1 May 1844. Unlike previous volumes in which the numbering had run consecutively to page 2028, Grimshaw began anew with page 1. He transcribed 150 pages by June 1856, and his last entry was for 23 June 1844. Though more of his writing does not appear in the volume, he continued to work in the office until 2 August, before leaving for the East that same month. (Historian’s Office, Journal, 2 and 10 Aug. 1856.)
Leo Hawkins

19 July 1834–28 May 1859. Clerk, reporter. Born in London. Son of Samuel Harris Hawkins and Charlotte Savage. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by John Banks, 23 Oct. 1848. Immigrated to U.S. with his family; arrived in New Orleans...

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assumed the role of scribe on 20 August 1856. (Historian’s Office, Journal, 20 Aug. 1856.) He incorporated
George A. Smith

26 June 1817–1 Sept. 1875. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Son of John Smith and Clarissa Lyman. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Joseph H. Wakefield, 10 Sept. 1832, at Potsdam. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio,...

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’s draft notes for the period 24–29 June 1844 on pages 151–189, providing an account of JS’s death and its immediate aftermath. He next transcribed a related extract from
Thomas Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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’s 1854 History of Illinois on pages 190–204. Pages 205–227 were left blank.
Wilford Woodruff

1 Mar. 1807–2 Sept. 1898. Farmer, miller. Born at Farmington, Hartford Co., Connecticut. Son of Aphek Woodruff and Beulah Thompson. Moved to Richland, Oswego Co., New York, 1832. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Zera Pulsipher,...

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provided the notes for the final portion of the text. This account begins with an entry for 22 June 1844 and continues the record through 8 August 1844, ending on page 304. (The volume also included ten pages of addenda.) The last specific entry in the Historian’s Office journal that captures
Hawkins

19 July 1834–28 May 1859. Clerk, reporter. Born in London. Son of Samuel Harris Hawkins and Charlotte Savage. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by John Banks, 23 Oct. 1848. Immigrated to U.S. with his family; arrived in New Orleans...

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at work on the history is for 6 November 1856. A 2 February 1857 Wilford Woodruff letter to
George A. Smith

26 June 1817–1 Sept. 1875. Born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., New York. Son of John Smith and Clarissa Lyman. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Joseph H. Wakefield, 10 Sept. 1832, at Potsdam. Moved to Kirtland, Geauga Co., Ohio,...

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indicates that on 30 January 1857, the “presidency sat and heard the history read up to the organization of the church in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, 8th. day of August 1844.” (Historian’s Office, Journal, 6 Nov. 1856; Wilford Woodruff, Great Salt Lake City, Utah Territory, to George A. Smith, 2 Feb. 1857, Historian’s Office, Letterpress Copybooks, vol. 1, p. 410; see also Wilford Woodruff, Great Salt Lake City, Utah Territory, to Amasa Lyman and Charles C. Rich, 28 Feb. 1857, Historian’s Office, Letterpress Copybooks, vol. 1, pp. 430–431.)
The pages of volume F-1 contain a record of the final weeks of JS’s life and the events of the ensuing days. The narrative commences with
Lyman Wight

9 May 1796–31 Mar. 1858. Farmer. Born at Fairfield, Herkimer Co., New York. Son of Levi Wight Jr. and Sarah Corbin. Served in War of 1812. Married Harriet Benton, 5 Jan. 1823, at Henrietta, Monroe Co., New York. Moved to Warrensville, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, ...

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and
George Miller

25 Nov. 1794–after July 1856. Carpenter, mill operator, lumber dealer, steamboat owner. Born near Stanardsville, Orange Co., Virginia. Son of John Miller and Margaret Pfeiffer. Moved to Augusta Co., Virginia, 1798; to Madison Co., Kentucky, 1806; to Boone...

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arriving at
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, Illinois, on 1 May 1844 from their lumber-harvesting mission in the “
pine country

Also known as the “pinery.” Collective term for regions in Wisconsin where lumbering operations were located, especially along Black, Chippewa, St. Croix, Wisconsin, and Wolf rivers. Latter-day Saints established lumber camps and mills on Black River to provide...

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” of Wisconsin Territory. As the late spring and summer of 1844 unfold, events intensify, especially those surrounding the suppression of the Nauvoo Expositor in mid-June. Legal action over the Expositor leads to a charge of riot, and subsequently JS is charged with treason and is incarcerated at the
Hancock County

Formed from Pike Co., 1825. Described in 1837 as predominantly prairie and “deficient in timber.” Early settlers came mainly from mid-Atlantic and southern states. Population in 1835 about 3,200; in 1840 about 9,900; and in 1844 at least 15,000. Carthage ...

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jail in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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, Illinois. The narrative of volume F-1 concludes with an account of the special church conference convened on 8 August 1844 to consider who should assume the leadership of the church.
Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Discourse, 18 June 1844, as Reported by William Clayton *Discourse, 18 June 1844, as Reported by William McIntire *Letter to Thomas Ford, 16 June 1844 *Letter from Central Committee of the National Reform Association, 20 April 1844 *Letter to Emma Smith, 27 June 1844 *Letter to John R. Wakefield, 23 June 1844 *Letter to Henry T. Hugins, 18 June 1844 *Letter to Richard Ballantyne and Peter Slater, 20 June 1844 *Letter from Amos Ladd, 15 June 1844 *Letter to Isaac Morley, 16 June 1844 *Letter from Isaac Morley, 16 June 1844 *Letter to Emma Smith, 25 June 1844 *Letter from Thomas Ford, 22 June 1844 *Letter from John Smith, 16 June 1844 *Letter from Washington Tucker, 4 May 1844 *Petition from James Hamilton and Others, circa 22 June 1844 *Letter to James W. Woods and Hugh T. Reid, 26 June 1844 *Letter of Introduction to Nathaniel Pope for Jeremiah Smith and Henry T. Hugins, 30 May 1844 *Letter to Thomas Ford, 23 June 1844 *Letter from Henry T. Hugins, 17 June 1844 *Letter to Thomas Ford, 22–23 June 1844 *Letter to Henry T. Hugins, 23 June 1844 *Letter from Edward Johnstone, 23 June 1844 *Letter to Thomas Ford, 24 June 1844 *Letter to Brigham Young, 17 and 20 June 1844 *Letter to Orson Hyde, 25 May 1844 *Letters from Hugh T. Reid and James W. Woods, 24 June 1844 *Letter from Joel Hamilton Walker, 9 May 1844 *Letter from Parley P. Pratt, 3 May 1844 *Discourse, 16 June 1844–B, as Reported by Willard Richards *Letter to Jesse B. Thomas, 26 June 1844–A *Military Order to Jonathan Dunham, 22 June 1844 *Letter from Miner R. Deming, 26 June 1844 *Letter to Orville Browning, 27 June 1844 *Mayor’s Order to John P. Greene, 17 June 1844 *Military Order to Albert P. Rockwood, 17 June 1844 *Letter from William Clayton, 26 June 1844 *Military Order to Jonathan Dunham, 17 June 1844–A *Letter from Orson Hyde, 26 April 1844 *Letter from Orson Hyde, 25 April 1844 *Minutes, 10 June 1844 *Letter to Central Committee of the National Reform Association, 16 May 1844 *Discourse, 12 May 1844, as Reported by Thomas Bullock *Discourse, 12 May 1844, as Reported by Samuel W. Richards *Discourse, 12 May 1844, as Reported by George Laub *Resolution, 10 June 1844 *29 May 1844 *Docket Entry, Motion and Plea, 18 April 1839 [ JS v. McLellin ] *Letter from Robert D. Foster, circa 7 June 1844 *Minutes, 8 June 1844

Page 149

<​June 23​> which surround your
Excellency

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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to some extent. And I declare again, the only objection I ever had or ever made to <​a​> trial by my country at any time, was what I have made in my last letter.— on account of assassins, and the reason I have to fear deathly consequences from their hands. But from the explanation, I now offer to come to you at
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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on the morrow, as early as shall be convenient for your posse to escort us in to Head Quarters, provided we can have a fair trial, not be abused, nor have my witnesses abused, and have all things done in due form of law, without partiality, and you may depend on my honor without the show of a great armed force to produce excitement in the minds of the timid. We will meet your posse, if this letter is satisfactory (if not inform me) at or near the Mound at or about two o’clock tomorrow afternoon, which will be as soon as we can get our witnesses, and prepare for trial. We shall expect to take our witnesses with us, and not have to wait a subpoena, or a part at least, so as not to detain the proceedings, although we may want time for counsel.
“We remain most respectfully, Your
Excellency

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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’s Humble Servants,
Joseph Smith,
Hyrum Smith

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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.” [HC 6:550]
Also wrote to
H[enry] T. Hugins

10 Mar. 1814–19 Nov. 1861. Lawyer. Born in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Henry Hugins and Sarah Maria Hunt. Graduated from Middlebury College, 1834, and from Yale College, 1835. Practiced law in New Haven, 1836–1841. Married Elizabeth A. Lynde...

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Esq.:
319

JS, Nauvoo, IL, to Henry T. Hugins, 23 June 1844, copy, JS Collection, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Smith, Joseph. Collection, 1827–1846. CHL. MS 155.

“Sunday,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, June 23rd, 1844.
“
H. T. Hugins

10 Mar. 1814–19 Nov. 1861. Lawyer. Born in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Henry Hugins and Sarah Maria Hunt. Graduated from Middlebury College, 1834, and from Yale College, 1835. Practiced law in New Haven, 1836–1841. Married Elizabeth A. Lynde...

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Esq.,
Sir:— I have agreed to meet
Governor Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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at
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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tomorrow to attend an examination before
Justice [Thomas] Morrison

Ca. 1817–13 Apr. 1849. Lawyer, justice of the peace, politician. Resided at Carthage, Hancock Co., Illinois, by 1840. Married Mary E. Wells, 25 Dec. 1844, in Hancock Co. Elected member of Illinois House of Representatives, 1846. Died in Carthage.

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, and request your attendance, professionally with the best attorney you can bring.
“I meet the
Governor

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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’s Posse on the Mound at 10. A. M.; in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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at 12 noon. Do not fail me and oblige,
yours respectfully,
Joseph Smith
per
W. Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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, Clerk.
“P. S. Dr.
J[ohn] R. Wakefield

Ca. 1810–after 1869. Dental surgeon, physician. Born in England. Practiced dentistry, by 1829. Immigrated to Philadelphia, before 1834. Moved to New York City, by July 1839. Moved to Burlington, Des Moines Co., Iowa Territory, before Feb. 1844. Became a traveling...

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I wish as witness &c.”
And also to Dr.
J. R. Wakefield

Ca. 1810–after 1869. Dental surgeon, physician. Born in England. Practiced dentistry, by 1829. Immigrated to Philadelphia, before 1834. Moved to New York City, by July 1839. Moved to Burlington, Des Moines Co., Iowa Territory, before Feb. 1844. Became a traveling...

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as follows:—
320

JS, Nauvoo, IL, to Joseph Wakefield, 23 June 1844, copy, JS Collection, CHL.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Smith, Joseph. Collection, 1827–1846. CHL. MS 155.

“
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, Sunday, June 23rd, 1844.
“Dr.
J. R. Wakefield

Ca. 1810–after 1869. Dental surgeon, physician. Born in England. Practiced dentistry, by 1829. Immigrated to Philadelphia, before 1834. Moved to New York City, by July 1839. Moved to Burlington, Des Moines Co., Iowa Territory, before Feb. 1844. Became a traveling...

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,
Sir:— I would respectfully solicit our attendance at Court in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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tomorrow at 12 noon as witness in Case ‘State of
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

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, on complaint of
F[rancis] M. Higbee

1820–after 1850. Attorney, merchant. Born in Tate, Clermont Co., Ohio. Son of Elias Higbee and Sarah Elizabeth Ward. Moved to Fulton, Hamilton Co., Ohio, by 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1832. Moved to Jackson Co., Missouri...

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vs Joseph Smith and others.’ Dear Sir, do not fail me and oblige your old friend,
Joseph Smith
<​by​>
W. Richards

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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, Clerk.
“P. S.
Esq. Hugins

10 Mar. 1814–19 Nov. 1861. Lawyer. Born in New Haven, New Haven Co., Connecticut. Son of Henry Hugins and Sarah Maria Hunt. Graduated from Middlebury College, 1834, and from Yale College, 1835. Practiced law in New Haven, 1836–1841. Married Elizabeth A. Lynde...

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and co-partner are expected; we meet the
Governor

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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’s Posse on the Mound at 10 A. M.; at
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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at 12 noon; bearer will give particulars.”
About four o’clock P. M., Joseph,
Hyrum

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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, the
Doctor

24 June 1804–11 Mar. 1854. Teacher, lecturer, doctor, clerk, printer, editor, postmaster. Born at Hopkinton, Middlesex Co., Massachusetts. Son of Joseph Richards and Rhoda Howe. Moved to Richmond, Berkshire Co., Massachusetts, 1813; to Chatham, Columbia Co...

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, and others started back; while walking towards the
river

Principal U.S. river running southward from Itasca Lake, Minnesota, to Gulf of Mexico. Covered 3,160-mile course, 1839 (now about 2,350 miles). Drains about 1,100,000 square miles. Steamboat travel on Mississippi very important in 1830s and 1840s for shipping...

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Joseph fell behind with
O. P. Rockwell

June 1814–9 June 1878. Ferry operator, herdsman, farmer. Born in Belchertown, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts. Son of Orin Rockwell and Sarah Witt. Moved to Farmington (later in Manchester), Ontario Co., New York, 1817. Neighbor to JS. Baptized into Church of...

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; the others shouted to him to come on; Joseph replied, “it is of no use to hurry, for we are going back to be slaughtered”, and continually expressed himself that he would like to get the people once more together, and talk to them tonight.
Rockwell

June 1814–9 June 1878. Ferry operator, herdsman, farmer. Born in Belchertown, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts. Son of Orin Rockwell and Sarah Witt. Moved to Farmington (later in Manchester), Ontario Co., New York, 1817. Neighbor to JS. Baptized into Church of...

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said if that was his wish he would get the people together, and he could talk to them by starlight. (
Rockwell

June 1814–9 June 1878. Ferry operator, herdsman, farmer. Born in Belchertown, Hampshire Co., Massachusetts. Son of Orin Rockwell and Sarah Witt. Moved to Farmington (later in Manchester), Ontario Co., New York, 1817. Neighbor to JS. Baptized into Church of...

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.) [HC 6:551]
321

Hosea Stout, "Nauvoo Legion History," 23 June 1844, Nauvoo, IL, Legion Records, CHL; Clayton, Journal, 23 June 1844.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Stout, Hosea. History of the Nauvoo Legion, Draft 1, ca. 1844–1845. Nauvoo Legion Records, 1841–1845. CHL. MS 3430, fd. 10. One of three drafts of the history; includes material dated 4 February 1841 through 22 June 1844. Pages are out of order; in the current order, this draft includes pp. [5]–[8], [15]–[22].

Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

It was through the strong persuasions of
Reynolds Cahoon

30 Apr. 1790–29 Apr. 1861. Farmer, tanner, builder. Born at Cambridge, Washington Co., New York. Son of William Cahoon Jr. and Mehitable Hodges. Married Thirza Stiles, 11 Dec. 1810. Moved to northeastern Ohio, 1811. Located at Harpersfield, Ashtabula Co.,...

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,
Lorenzo D. Wasson

1819–28 July 1857. Born in New York. Son of Benjamin Wasson and Elizabeth Hale. Lived at Harpursville, Broome Co., New York, by 1836. Moved to Farmington, Fulton Co., Illinois, Aug. 1836; to Palestine Grove, Ogle Co. (later Amboy, Lee Co.), Illinois, Dec....

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, and
Hiram Kimball

31 May 1806–27 Apr. 1863. Merchant, iron foundry operator, mail carrier. Born in West Fairlee, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Phineas Kimball and Abigail. Moved to Commerce (later Nauvoo), Hancock Co., Illinois, 1833, and established several stores. Married ...

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, who were carrying out
Emma

10 July 1804–30 Apr. 1879. Scribe, editor, boardinghouse operator, clothier. Born at Willingborough Township (later in Harmony), Susquehanna Co., Pennsylvania. Daughter of Isaac Hale and Elizabeth Lewis. Member of Methodist church at Harmony (later in Oakland...

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’s instructions, that induced Joseph and
Hyrum

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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to start back to
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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. They recrossed the
river

Principal U.S. river running southward from Itasca Lake, Minnesota, to Gulf of Mexico. Covered 3,160-mile course, 1839 (now about 2,350 miles). Drains about 1,100,000 square miles. Steamboat travel on Mississippi very important in 1830s and 1840s for shipping...

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at half past five; when they arrived <​at his
Mansion

Large, two-story, Greek Revival frame structure located on northeast corner of Water and Main streets. Built to meet JS’s immediate need for larger home that could also serve as hotel to accommodate his numerous guests. JS relocated family from old house ...

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​> in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Joseph’s family surrounded him and he went to the
Mansion

Large, two-story, Greek Revival frame structure located on northeast corner of Water and Main streets. Built to meet JS’s immediate need for larger home that could also serve as hotel to accommodate his numerous guests. JS relocated family from old house ...

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with them without molestation
, and <​he​> tarried there all night, giving up the idea of preaching to the saints by starlight.
He sent the letter to
Governor Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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of this date by Col.
Theodore Turley

10 Apr. 1801–12 Aug. 1871. Mechanic, gunsmith, brewer, farmer, blacksmith, gristmill operator. Born at Birmingham, Warwickshire, England. Son of William Turley and Elizabeth Yates. Associated with Methodism, by 1818. Married Frances Amelia Kimberley, 26 Nov...

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. *
<​* And Elder
Jedediah M. Grant

21 Feb. 1816–1 Dec. 1856. Farmer. Born in Union, Broome Co., New York. Son of Joshua Grant and Athalia Howard. Lived in Springwater, Ontario Co., New York, 1820. Lived in Naples, Ontario Co., 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints...

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, who carried it to
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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, where they arrived about 9 p. m. They gave the letter to
Governor Ford

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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, who first agreed to send a posse to escort Gen. Smith in safety to
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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; immediately afterwards
Mr. [Onias] Skinner

21 July 1817–4 Feb. 1877. Sailor, teacher, preacher, farmer, lawyer, railroad president. Born in Floyd, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Onias Skinner and Tirza. Moved to Whitestown, Oneida Co., by 1830; to Peoria Co., Illinois, 1836; and to Greenville, Darke...

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came in and made a very bitter speech to the
Governor

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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, in which
Wilson Law

26 Feb. 1806–15 Oct. 1876. Merchant, millwright, land speculator, farmer. Born in Ireland. Son of Richard Law and Ann Hunter. Immigrated to U.S. and settled in Springfield Township, Mercer Co., Pennsylvania, by 1820. Moved to Delaware Township, Mercer Co....

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and
Joseph H. Jackson

?–? Moved to Nauvoo, Hancock Co., Illinois, by fall 1842. Moved to Carthage, Hancock Co., winter 1842–1843. Returned to Nauvoo, spring 1843. Hired to sell land for JS, 20 May 1843. Appointed aide-de-camp to lieutenant general in Nauvoo Legion, by 5 Jan. 1844...

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joined, telling him naught but lies, which caused
Elder Grant

21 Feb. 1816–1 Dec. 1856. Farmer. Born in Union, Broome Co., New York. Son of Joshua Grant and Athalia Howard. Lived in Springwater, Ontario Co., New York, 1820. Lived in Naples, Ontario Co., 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints...

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to ask if Messengers to him were to be insulted in that manner. The
Governor

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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treated them coldly, and recinded his previous promise and refused to send, or allow an escort to go with Joseph, as he said it was an honor not given to any other citizen. He— would not allow the Messengers to stay in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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through the night, but ordered them to start at 10 o’clock and return to
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
with orders for Gen. Smith to be in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
by 10 o’clock tomorrow morning without an escort; and he threatened that if Gen. Smith did not give himself up at that time, that
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
would be destroyed, and all the men, women and children that were in it. Messrs.
Grant

21 Feb. 1816–1 Dec. 1856. Farmer. Born in Union, Broome Co., New York. Son of Joshua Grant and Athalia Howard. Lived in Springwater, Ontario Co., New York, 1820. Lived in Naples, Ontario Co., 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints...

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and
Turley

10 Apr. 1801–12 Aug. 1871. Mechanic, gunsmith, brewer, farmer, blacksmith, gristmill operator. Born at Birmingham, Warwickshire, England. Son of William Turley and Elizabeth Yates. Associated with Methodism, by 1818. Married Frances Amelia Kimberley, 26 Nov...

View Full Bio
immediately started, but on account of their horses being wearied they did not arrive in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
until about 4 a. m. of the 24th. when they went to Gen. Smith to report to him the state of excitement in
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
: he would not hear one word of the warning, as he was determined to go to
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

More Info
and give himself up to the
Governor

5 Dec. 1800–3 Nov. 1850. Schoolteacher, newspaperman, lawyer, politician, judge, author. Born in Uniontown, Fayette Co., Pennsylvania. Son of Robert Ford and Elizabeth Logue Forquer. Moved to St. Louis, 1804; to New Design (later American Bottom), Randolph...

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.​>
322

TEXT: Insertion written sideways in left margin.


[HC 6:552]
<​About sundown, <​Genl.​>
Jonathan Dunham

14 Jan. 1800–28 July 1845. Soldier, police captain. Born in Paris, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Jonathan Dunham. Married Mary Kendall. Moved to Rushford, Allegany Co., New York, by 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and ordained...

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went to <​Capt.​>
John Killien

25 Apr. 1796–10 Nov. 1858. Born in Lincoln Co., North Carolina. Son of Phillip Killian and Mary Hockins. Moved to Missouri. Married first Lydia Ann Hopper Conley, 25 Aug. 1818, in Howard Co., Missouri. Moved to Lexington, Lillard Co., Missouri, 1818. Moved...

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’s house, near the Lone Trees, and told him that Joseph requested him (
Killien

25 Apr. 1796–10 Nov. 1858. Born in Lincoln Co., North Carolina. Son of Phillip Killian and Mary Hockins. Moved to Missouri. Married first Lydia Ann Hopper Conley, 25 Aug. 1818, in Howard Co., Missouri. Moved to Lexington, Lillard Co., Missouri, 1818. Moved...

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) to go over to
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, and procure two horses and some clothing &c, and take them across the river the next night to his house​>
[p. 149]
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Page 149

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
History, 1838–1856, volume F-1 [1 May 1844–8 August 1844]
ID #
9111
Total Pages
448
Print Volume Location
Handwriting on This Page
  • Jonathan Grimshaw

Footnotes

  1. [319]

    JS, Nauvoo, IL, to Henry T. Hugins, 23 June 1844, copy, JS Collection, CHL.

    Smith, Joseph. Collection, 1827–1846. CHL. MS 155.

  2. [320]

    JS, Nauvoo, IL, to Joseph Wakefield, 23 June 1844, copy, JS Collection, CHL.

    Smith, Joseph. Collection, 1827–1846. CHL. MS 155.

  3. [321]

    Hosea Stout, "Nauvoo Legion History," 23 June 1844, Nauvoo, IL, Legion Records, CHL; Clayton, Journal, 23 June 1844.

    Stout, Hosea. History of the Nauvoo Legion, Draft 1, ca. 1844–1845. Nauvoo Legion Records, 1841–1845. CHL. MS 3430, fd. 10. One of three drafts of the history; includes material dated 4 February 1841 through 22 June 1844. Pages are out of order; in the current order, this draft includes pp. [5]–[8], [15]–[22].

    Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.

  4. [322]

    TEXT: Insertion written sideways in left margin.

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