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History Draft [1 January–21 June 1844]

1 January 1844 • Monday Page 1 2 January 1844 • Tuesday Page 1 3 January 1844 • Wednesday Page 1 4 January 1844 • Thursday • First of two entries Page 1 4 January 1844 • Thursday • Second of two entries Page 2 5 January 1844 • Friday • First of two entries Page 1 5 January 1844 • Friday • Second of two entries Page 2 6 January 1844 • Saturday Page 2 7 January 1844 • Sunday Page 2 8 January 1844 • Monday Page 2 9 January 1844 • Tuesday Page 2 10 January 1844 • Wednesday Page 2 11 January 1844 • Thursday Page 3 12 January 1844 • Friday Page 3 13 January 1844 • Saturday Page 3 14 January 1844 • Sunday Page 3 15 January 1844 • Monday Page 3 16 January 1844 • Tuesday Page 4 17 January 1844 • Wednesday Page 4 18 January 1844 • Thursday Page 4 19 January 1844 • Friday Page 4 20 January 1844 • Saturday Page 5 21 January 1844 • Sunday Page 5 22 January 1844 • Monday Page 5 23 January 1844 • Tuesday Page 5 24 January 1844 • Wednesday Page 5 25 January 1844 • Thursday Page 5 26 January 1844 • Friday Page 5 27 January 1844 • Saturday Page 5 28 January 1844 • Sunday Page 6 29 January 1844 • Monday Page 6 30 January 1844 • Tuesday Page 7 31 January 1844 • Wednesday Page 7 1 February 1844 • Thursday Page 8 2 February 1844 • Friday Page 8 3 February 1844 • Saturday Page 8 4 February 1844 • Sunday Page 8 5 February 1844 • Monday Page 8 6 February 1844 • Tuesday Page 9 7 February 1844 • Wednesday Page 9 8 February 1844 • Thursday Page 9 9 February 1844 • Friday Page 9 10 February 1844 • Saturday Page 10 11 February 1844 • Sunday Page 10 12 February 1844 • Monday Page 10 13 February 1844 • Tuesday Page 11 14 February 1844 • Wednesday Page 11 15 February 1844 • Thursday Page 11 16 February 1844 • Friday Page 11 17 February 1844 • Saturday Page 11 18 February 1844 • Sunday Page 11 19 February 1844 • Monday Page 12 20 February 1844 • Tuesday Page 12 21 February 1844 • Wednesday Page 13 22 February 1844 • Thursday Page 13 23 February 1844 • Friday Page 13 24 February 1844 • Saturday Page 14 25 February 1844 • Sunday Page 15 26 February 1844 • Monday Page 15 27 February 1844 • Tuesday Page 16 28 February 1844 • Wednesday Page 16 29 February 1844 • Thursday Page 16 1 March 1844 • Friday Page 18 2 March 1844 • Saturday Page 18 3 March 1844 • Sunday Page 18 4 March 1844 • Monday Page 19 5 March 1844 • Tuesday Page 20 6 March 1844 • Wednesday Page 21 7 March 1844 • Thursday Page 21 8 March 1844 • Friday Page 22 9 March 1844 • Saturday Page 22 10 March 1844 • Sunday Page 23 11 March 1844 • Monday Page 23 12 March 1844 • Tuesday Page 24 13 March 1844 • Wednesday Page 24 14 March 1844 • Thursday Page 24 15 March 1844 • Friday Page 24 16 March 1844 • Saturday Page 25 17 March 1844 • Sunday Page 25 18 March 1844 • Monday Page 25 19 March 1844 • Tuesday Page 25 20 March 1844 • Wednesday Page 25 21 March 1844 • Thursday Page 25 22 March 1844 • Friday Page 26 23 March 1844 • Saturday Page 26 24 March 1844 • Sunday Page 26 25 March 1844 • Monday Page 27 26 March 1844 • Tuesday Page 27 27 March 1844 • Wednesday Page 27 28 March 1844 • Thursday Page 27 29 March 1844 • Friday Page 27 30 March 1844 • Saturday Page 27 31 March 1844 • Sunday Page 28 1 April 1844 • Monday Page 28 2 April 1844 • Tuesday Page 28 3 April 1844 • Wednesday Page 29 4 April 1844 • Thursday Page 29 5 April 1844 • Friday Page 29 6 April 1844 • Saturday Page 30 7 April 1844 • Sunday Page 30 8 April 1844 • Monday Page 30 9 April 1844 • Tuesday Page 31 10 April 1844 • Wednesday Page 31 11 April 1844 • Thursday Page 31 12 April 1844 • Friday Page 32 13 April 1844 • Saturday Page 32 14 April 1844 • Sunday Page 33 15 April 1844 • Monday Page 33 16 April 1844 • Tuesday Page 33 17 April 1844 • Wednesday Page 33 18 April 1844 • Thursday Page 33 19 April 1844 • Friday Page 34 20 April 1844 • Saturday Page 34 21 April 1844 • Sunday Page 34 22 April 1844 • Monday Page 34 23 April 1844 • Tuesday Page 34 24 April 1844 • Wednesday Page 35 25 April 1844 • Thursday Page 35 26 April 1844 • Friday Page 35 27 April 1844 • Saturday Page 36 28 April 1844 • Sunday Page 37 29 April 1844 • Monday Page 37 30 April 1844 • Tuesday Page 38 1 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 38 2 May 1844 • Thursday Page 38 3 May 1844 • Friday Page 38 4 May 1844 • Saturday Page 39 5 May 1844 • Sunday Page 39 6 May 1844 • Monday Page 39 7 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 40 8 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 40 9 May 1844 • Thursday Page 40 10 May 1844 • Friday Page 41 11 May 1844 • Saturday Page 41 12 May 1844 • Sunday Page 41 13 May 1844 • Monday Page 41 14 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 42 15 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 42 16 May 1844 • Thursday Page 43 17 May 1844 • Friday Page 43 18 May 1844 • Saturday Page 43 19 May 1844 • Sunday Page 44 20 May 1844 • Monday Page 44 21 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 44 22 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 45 23 May 1844 • Thursday Page 45 24 May 1844 • Friday Page 46 25 May 1844 • Saturday Page 47 26 May 1844 • Sunday Page 48 27 May 1844 • Monday Page 48 28 May 1844 • Tuesday Page 51 29 May 1844 • Wednesday Page 51 30 May 1844 • Thursday Page 51 31 May 1844 • Friday Page 52 1 June 1844 • Saturday Page 53 2 June 1844 • Sunday Page 53 3 June 1844 • Monday Page 53 4 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 54 5 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 54 6 June 1844 • Thursday Page 55 7 June 1844 • Friday Page 55 8 June 1844 • Saturday Page 56 9 June 1844 • Sunday Page 57 10 June 1844 • Monday Page 57 11 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 58 12 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 59 13 June 1844 • Thursday Page 60 14 June 1844 • Friday Page 61 15 June 1844 • Saturday Page 61 16 June 1844 • Sunday Page 62 17 June 1844 • Monday Page 63 18 June 1844 • Tuesday Page 65 19 June 1844 • Wednesday Page 66 20 June 1844 • Thursday Page 68 21 June 1844 • Friday Page 71

Source Note

History draft; handwriting of Jonathan Grimshaw,
Thomas Bullock

23 Dec. 1816–10 Feb. 1885. Farmer, excise officer, secretary, clerk. Born in Leek, Staffordshire, England. Son of Thomas Bullock and Mary Hall. Married Henrietta Rushton, 25 June 1838. Moved to Ardee, Co. Louth, Ireland, Nov. 1839; to Isle of Anglesey, Aug...

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,
Leo Hawkins

19 July 1834–28 May 1859. Clerk, reporter. Born in London. Son of Samuel Harris Hawkins and Charlotte Savage. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by John Banks, 23 Oct. 1848. Immigrated to U.S. with his family; arrived in New Orleans...

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, James Ure, and Robert L. Campbell; 76 numbered pages plus several inserted pages; CHL. This manuscript covers the period from 1 January 1844 to 21 June 1844.

Historical Introduction

See Introduction to History Drafts, 1844–1856.
Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. Minutes, 10 January 1844 Nauvoo City Council Rough Minute Book, November 1842–January 1844 History Draft [1 January–21 June 1844] History, 1838–1856, volume E-1 [1 July 1843–30 April 1844] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page 65a

220

TEXT: The text of JS’s discourse continues on an inserted page, numbered “65a”.


had we have been before the Circuit, the Supreme, or any other court of law in the
State

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

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or nation, we should have been acquitted, for we have broken no law, Mr.
Constable Bettesworth [David Bettisworth]

14 July 1814–8 Nov. 1866. Constable, merchant. Born in Virginia. Son of Evan Bettisworth and Drusilla Bean. Moved to Chili Township, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1833. Hancock County constable who arrested JS, 12 June 1844. Carried news of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

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comes here with a writ requiring us to go before
Mr. [Thomas] Morrison

Ca. 1817–13 Apr. 1849. Lawyer, justice of the peace, politician. Resided at Carthage, Hancock Co., Illinois, by 1840. Married Mary E. Wells, 25 Dec. 1844, in Hancock Co. Elected member of Illinois House of Representatives, 1846. Died in Carthage.

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, “or some other justice of the peace <​of the
County

Formed from Pike Co., 1825. Described in 1837 as predominantly prairie and “deficient in timber.” Early settlers came mainly from mid-Atlantic and southern states. Population in 1835 about 3,200; in 1840 about 9,900; and in 1844 at least 15,000. Carthage ...

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”​> to answer to the charge of riot; we acknowledged ourselves <​his prisoners and were​> ready to go before any Magistrate in the <​any​> precinct <​in this part of the County, or any where else where our lives could be protected from the Mob, Violence who have published <​the​> resolutions for my <​our​> extermination, which you have just heard read—​> which <​This is a privilege​> the law guarantees to us, & which the writ itself allows; & he breaks the law, & refuses us this privilege <​declaring that we shall go before
Morrison

Ca. 1817–13 Apr. 1849. Lawyer, justice of the peace, politician. Resided at Carthage, Hancock Co., Illinois, by 1840. Married Mary E. Wells, 25 Dec. 1844, in Hancock Co. Elected member of Illinois House of Representatives, 1846. Died in Carthage.

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, and <​in​>
Carthage

Located eighteen miles southeast of Nauvoo. Settled 1831. Designated Hancock Co. seat, Mar. 1833. Incorporated as town, 27 Feb. 1837. Population in 1839 about 300. Population in 1844 about 400. Site of acute opposition to Latter-day Saints, early 1840s. Site...

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, and no one else, when he knew that a <​numerous​> Mob was collecting there. sworn <​who are publicly— pledged​>, to destroy our lives +
221

TEXT: This plus symbol is keyed to another plus symbol in the left margin, indicating that the text following the second symbol should be inserted here.


​> <​+ it was under these circumstances that we availed ourselves of the legal right of the Ancient high and constitutional privilege, the Writ of
Habeas corpus

“Have the body”; a written order from a court of competent jurisdiction commanding anyone having a person in custody to produce such person at a certain time and place and to state the reasons why he or she is being held in custody. The court will determine...

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, & were brought before the Municipal Court of this
City

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

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, & discharged from the illegal detention, under which we were held by
Constable Bettesworth

14 July 1814–8 Nov. 1866. Constable, merchant. Born in Virginia. Son of Evan Bettisworth and Drusilla Bean. Moved to Chili Township, Hancock Co., Illinois, 1833. Hancock County constable who arrested JS, 12 June 1844. Carried news of deaths of JS and Hyrum...

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—​> all the Mob men, Pr[i]ests, Thieves, & Bogus Makers, Apostates, & adulterers who combine to destroy this people, <​now​> raise the line and cry throughout the
State

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
, that we resist the law, in order to gain a pretext for murmurring <​calling​> <​to​>gether, thousands <​more​> of infuriated Mob men, to murder, destroy, plunder, & ravish the innocent, we r [are] American Citizens; we live upon a soil for the liberties of which our fathers perilled their lives & spilt their blood upon the bloody battle field; those rights so dearly purchased, shall not be tamely <​meanely​> <​disgracefully​> trodden under foot by lawless marauders, without at least a noble effort on our part to sustain them. will you all stand by me to the death, & sustain at the peril of your lives the laws of our
Country

North American constitutional republic. Constitution ratified, 17 Sept. 1787. Population in 1805 about 6,000,000; in 1830 about 13,000,000; and in 1844 about 20,000,000. Louisiana Purchase, 1803, doubled size of U.S. Consisted of seventeen states at time ...

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, & the liberties & privileges which our Fathers have transmitted unto us, sealed by <​with​> their sacred blood? (aye shouted thousands) I call upon all men from
Maine

Initially established as district of Massachusetts, 1691. Admitted as state, 1820. Population in 1830 about 400,000. Population in 1840 about 500,000. Capital city and seat of government, Augusta. First visited by Latter-day Saint missionaries, Sept. 1832...

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to the
Rocky Mountains

Mountain chain consisting of at least one hundred separate ranges, commencing in present-day New Mexico and continuing about 3,000 miles northwest to northern Canada. Determine flow of North American rivers and streams toward Atlantic or Pacific oceans. First...

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, & from
Mexico

North American nation. Occupied by Mesoamerican civilizations, ca. 800 BC–1526 AD. Conquered by Spanish, 1521, who established Mexico City as new capital on site of Aztec capital Tenochtitlán. Ruled by viceroyalty of New Spain, 1535–1821. Started war for ...

More Info
to
British America

In late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, Canada referred to British colonies of Upper Canada and Lower Canada. Divided into Upper Canada and Lower Canada, 1791; reunited 10 Feb. 1841. Boundaries corresponded roughly to present-day Ontario (Upper...

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, whose hearts thrill to behold the rights of freemen trampled under foot, to come to the deliverance of this people from the cruel hand of oppression, cruelty, anarchy & misrule, to which they have been <​long​> made subject: Come all ye lovers of Liberty, break the oppressors rod, loose the iron grasp of Mobocracy, & bring to consign punishment all those who trample under foot the principles of our glorious Constitution, & the Peoples rights. I drawing his sword & presenting it to Heaven he said “I call God and Angels to witness, that I have unsheathed my sword with a firm and unalterable determination, that this people shall have their legal rights, & be protected from Mob Violence, or my blood shall be spilt upon the ground like water, and my body consigned to the silent tomb, while I live I will never tamely submit to the dominion of <​cursed​> Mobocracy. <​I would welcome death rather than submit to this oppression & it would be sweet, oh sweet to rest in the grave rather than submit to this oppression, agitation, annoyance, confusion & alarm upon alarm any longer— I call upon all friends of Truth & liberty to come to our assistance.​> & May the thunders of the Almighty, and the Forked lightenings of Heaven, & Pestilence, & war, & Bloodshed, come down on those ungodly men who seek to destroy my life, & the lives of this innocent people. I do not regard my own life, I am ready to be offered, <​a sacrifice for this people,​> for what can they do?, only kill the body <​& their power is then at an end​>. Stand firm my friends, never flinch, an <​do​> not seek to save your lives, for he that is afraid to die for the truth, will lose eternal life, hold out to the end, and we shall be resurrected, and become like Gods, & reign in
Celestial Kingdom

Highest kingdom of glory in the afterlife; symbolically represented by the sun. According to a vision dated 16 February 1832, inheritors of the celestial kingdom “are they who received the testimony of Jesus, & believed on his name, & were baptized,” “receive...

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s, Principalities & Eternal dominions, while this cursed Mob will sink to hell the portion of all those who shed innocent blood God has tried you, you are a good people, therefore I love you all <​with all my heart​>, greater love hath no man than that he shall lay down his life for his friends, you have stood by me in the hour of trouble, & I am willing to sacrifice my life for your preservation— May the Lord God of Israel bless you for ever and ever, I say it in the name of Jesus of Nazareth & in the authority of the Holy
Priesthood

Power or authority of God. The priesthood was conferred through the laying on of hands upon adult male members of the church in good standing; no specialized training was required. Priesthood officers held responsibility for administering the sacrament of...

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which he hath conferred upon me— And the people said Amen—
Hyrum [Smith]

9 Feb. 1800–27 June 1844. Farmer, cooper. Born at Tunbridge, Orange Co., Vermont. Son of Joseph Smith Sr. and Lucy Mack. Moved to Randolph, Orange Co., 1802; back to Tunbridge, before May 1803; to Royalton, Windsor Co., Vermont, 1804; to Sharon, Windsor Co...

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stated that the publication of
[Thomas] Sharp

25 Sept. 1818–9 Apr. 1894. Teacher, lawyer, newspaper editor and publisher. Born in Mount Holly, Burlington Co., New Jersey. Son of Solomon Sharp and Jemima Budd. Lived at Smyrna, Kent Co., Delaware, June 1830. Moved to Carlisle, Cumberland Co., Pennsylvania...

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in the Warsaw Signal that I <​he​> had threatened to take his life was false as hell, for there is not a syllable of truth in it— [p. 65a]
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Source Note

Document Transcript

Page 65a

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
History Draft [1 January–21 June 1844]
ID #
7857
Total Pages
96
Print Volume Location
Handwriting on This Page
  • Thomas Bullock

Footnotes

  1. [220]

    TEXT: The text of JS’s discourse continues on an inserted page, numbered “65a”.

  2. [221]

    TEXT: This plus symbol is keyed to another plus symbol in the left margin, indicating that the text following the second symbol should be inserted here.

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