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Letter from Zenas Gurley, 4 May 1842

Source Note

Zenas Gurley

Spring 1801–28 Aug. 1871. Tanner, currier, schoolteacher. Born in Bridgewater, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Zenas Gurley and Experience Hovey. Married Margaret Hickey, 28 Sept. 1825, near Morrisburg, Dundas Co., Upper Canada. Baptized into Church of Jesus...

View Full Bio
, Letter,
La Harpe

Located about twenty-five miles east of Nauvoo. Settled 1830. Originally called Franklin. Developed, platted, and renamed La Harpe, by 1836. Immigration and missionary work led to creation of branch of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in area, ...

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, to JS,
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Hancock Co., IL, 4 May 1842; handwriting of
Zenas Gurley

Spring 1801–28 Aug. 1871. Tanner, currier, schoolteacher. Born in Bridgewater, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Zenas Gurley and Experience Hovey. Married Margaret Hickey, 28 Sept. 1825, near Morrisburg, Dundas Co., Upper Canada. Baptized into Church of Jesus...

View Full Bio
; one page; BYU. Includes address, docket, and notations.
Single leaf measuring 12⅜ × 7⅝ inches (31 × 19 cm). The right and left sides of the leaf were unevenly cut. The letter was folded, addressed, and sealed with a red adhesive wafer. It was subsequently refolded for filing purposes. Some discoloration of the paper has occurred.
The document was docketed by
William Clayton

17 July 1814–4 Dec. 1879. Bookkeeper, clerk. Born at Charnock Moss, Penwortham, Lancashire, England. Son of Thomas Clayton and Ann Critchley. Married Ruth Moon, 9 Oct. 1836, at Penwortham. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Heber...

View Full Bio
, who served as scribe to JS from 1842 to 1844.
1

JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

It also includes notations from
Newel K. Whitney

3/5 Feb. 1795–23 Sept. 1850. Trader, merchant. Born at Marlborough, Windham Co., Vermont. Son of Samuel Whitney and Susanna Kimball. Moved to Fairfield, Herkimer Co., New York, 1803. Merchant at Plattsburg, Clinton Co., New York, 1814. Mercantile clerk for...

View Full Bio
and an unidentified scribe. The Clayton docket and the Whitney notations indicate early institutional custody. The subsequent custodial history is unknown. The document was eventually acquired by the Harold B. Lee Library at Brigham Young University.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    JS, Journal, 29 June 1842; “Clayton, William,” in Jenson, Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia, 1:718.

    Jenson, Andrew. Latter-day Saint Biographical Encyclopedia: A Compilation of Biographical Sketches of Prominent Men and Women in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. 4 vols. Salt Lake City: Andrew Jenson History Co., 1901–1936.

Historical Introduction

On 4 May 1842,
Zenas Gurley

Spring 1801–28 Aug. 1871. Tanner, currier, schoolteacher. Born in Bridgewater, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Zenas Gurley and Experience Hovey. Married Margaret Hickey, 28 Sept. 1825, near Morrisburg, Dundas Co., Upper Canada. Baptized into Church of Jesus...

View Full Bio
,
1

Some sources spell Gurley’s first name as “Zenos”—possibly following the spelling of the prophet Zenos mentioned in the Book of Mormon—but this signed letter and other contemporaneous documents indicate that Gurley spelled his name “Zenas.” (For examples of “Zenas,” see JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; Zenas Gurley to JS et al., Promissory Note, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 12 Mar. 1840, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU; and History of the Reorganized Church, 3:742; for examples of “Zenos,” see JS History, vol. C-1, 882, 1004, 1194; see also Book of Mormon, 1840 ed., 51, 137 [1 Nephi 19:10; Jacob 5:1].)


Comprehensive Works Cited

The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.

a
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
member living in
La Harpe

Located about twenty-five miles east of Nauvoo. Settled 1830. Originally called Franklin. Developed, platted, and renamed La Harpe, by 1836. Immigration and missionary work led to creation of branch of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in area, ...

More Info
, Illinois, wrote to JS in
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
, Illinois, concerning the state of the church in
Wisconsin Territory

Area settled by French, before 1700. Became part of U.S. by Treaty of Paris, 1783. Territory officially formed, 1836, with Belmont established as capital. Capital moved to present-day Burlington, Iowa, 1837. Territory initially included all or part of present...

More Info
, where Gurley had recently been preaching. Gurley, a native of
New York

Located in northeast region of U.S. Area settled by Dutch traders, 1620s; later governed by Britain, 1664–1776. Admitted to U.S. as state, 1788. Population in 1810 about 1,000,000; in 1820 about 1,400,000; in 1830 about 1,900,000; and in 1840 about 2,400,...

More Info
, was
baptized

An ordinance in which an individual is immersed in water for the remission of sins. The Book of Mormon explained that those with necessary authority were to baptize individuals who had repented of their sins. Baptized individuals also received the gift of...

View Glossary
in
Upper Canada

British colony of Canada divided into Upper Canada and Lower Canada, 1791; reunited 1841. Upper Canada’s boundaries corresponded roughly to portion of present-day Ontario south of Hudson Bay watershed. Population in 1840 about 430,000. Immigrants mainly from...

More Info
in 1837 or 1838.
2

Gurley’s 1871 obituary provides the 1838 date, but an 1872 article dates the baptism to 1837. Either date is possible, since Gurley and James Blakeslee, who baptized Gurley, were both apparently in the region in 1837 and 1838. (“Death of Br. Zenos H. Gurley, Sen.,” True Latter Day Saints’ Herald, 15 Sept. 1871, 560; Mark H. Forscutt, “Biographical Sketch of Elder Zenos H. Gurley, Sen’r,” True Latter Day Saints’ Herald, 1 Jan. 1872, 3; Shepard, “James Blakeslee,” 116–117.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Saints’ Herald. Independence, MO. 1860–.

Shepard, William. “James Blakeslee, the Old Soldier of Mormonism.” John Whitmer Historical Association Journal 17 (1997): 113–132.

He relocated to
Illinois

Became part of Northwest Territory of U.S., 1787. Admitted as state, 1818. Population in 1840 about 480,000. Population in 1845 about 660,000. Plentiful, inexpensive land attracted settlers from northern and southern states. Following expulsion from Missouri...

More Info
with the Saints in 1839 and eventually settled in
La Harpe

Located about twenty-five miles east of Nauvoo. Settled 1830. Originally called Franklin. Developed, platted, and renamed La Harpe, by 1836. Immigration and missionary work led to creation of branch of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in area, ...

More Info
.
3

Gurley may have lived in Nauvoo for a time. He purchased land there in November 1839 and March 1840. (JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 12 Mar. 1840, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU; Henry G. Sherwood to Zenas Gurley, Town Lot Order, [Nauvoo, IL], 12 Mar. 1840, JS Office Papers, CHL.)


In March 1841, the Times and Seasons reported Gurley’s successful preaching in La Harpe, where a
branch

An ecclesiastical organization of church members in a particular locale. A branch was generally smaller than a stake or a conference. Branches were also referred to as churches, as in “the Church of Shalersville.” In general, a branch was led by a presiding...

View Glossary
was organized in April 1841.
4

“Truth Prevailing,” Times and Seasons, 15 Mar. 1841, 2:350; Macedonia Branch, Record, 17 Apr. 1841.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

Macedonia Branch, Record / “A Record of the Chur[c]h of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints in Macedonia (Also Called Ramus),” 1839–1850. CHL. LR 11808 21.

In a
conference

A meeting where ecclesiastical officers and other church members could conduct church business. The “Articles and Covenants” of the church directed the elders to hold conferences to perform “Church business.” The first of these conferences was held on 9 June...

View Glossary
held a few days before the branch’s creation, Gurley was among those called to travel to collect funds to build the Nauvoo
temple

Located in portion of Nauvoo known as the bluff. JS revelation dated Jan. 1841 commanded Saints to build temple and hotel (Nauvoo House). Cornerstone laid, 6 Apr. 1841. Saints volunteered labor, money, and other resources for temple construction. Construction...

More Info
.
5

Minutes, 7–11 Apr. 1841.


According to this 4 May 1842 letter, he left
La Harpe

Located about twenty-five miles east of Nauvoo. Settled 1830. Originally called Franklin. Developed, platted, and renamed La Harpe, by 1836. Immigration and missionary work led to creation of branch of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in area, ...

More Info
for
Wisconsin Territory

Area settled by French, before 1700. Became part of U.S. by Treaty of Paris, 1783. Territory officially formed, 1836, with Belmont established as capital. Capital moved to present-day Burlington, Iowa, 1837. Territory initially included all or part of present...

More Info
in January 1842, perhaps to fulfill his calling to collect funds. Shortly after returning home,
Gurley

Spring 1801–28 Aug. 1871. Tanner, currier, schoolteacher. Born in Bridgewater, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Zenas Gurley and Experience Hovey. Married Margaret Hickey, 28 Sept. 1825, near Morrisburg, Dundas Co., Upper Canada. Baptized into Church of Jesus...

View Full Bio
wrote to JS. Addressing JS as a general in the
Nauvoo Legion

A contingent of the Illinois state militia provided for in the Nauvoo city charter. The Nauvoo Legion was organized into two cohorts: one infantry and one cavalry. Each cohort could potentially comprise several thousand men and was overseen by a brigadier...

View Glossary
, Gurley explained in his letter that his pending absence from militia duty was due to sickness in his family. He also reported on his recent travels in Wisconsin Territory, where he had organized a branch. Given the letter’s lack of postal markings, it was apparently hand delivered to
Nauvoo

Principal gathering place for Saints following expulsion from Missouri. Beginning in 1839, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints purchased lands in earlier settlement of Commerce and planned settlement of Commerce City, as well as surrounding areas....

More Info
. No reply from JS is extant or otherwise known.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Some sources spell Gurley’s first name as “Zenos”—possibly following the spelling of the prophet Zenos mentioned in the Book of Mormon—but this signed letter and other contemporaneous documents indicate that Gurley spelled his name “Zenas.” (For examples of “Zenas,” see JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; Zenas Gurley to JS et al., Promissory Note, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 12 Mar. 1840, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU; and History of the Reorganized Church, 3:742; for examples of “Zenos,” see JS History, vol. C-1, 882, 1004, 1194; see also Book of Mormon, 1840 ed., 51, 137 [1 Nephi 19:10; Jacob 5:1].)

    The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.

  2. [2]

    Gurley’s 1871 obituary provides the 1838 date, but an 1872 article dates the baptism to 1837. Either date is possible, since Gurley and James Blakeslee, who baptized Gurley, were both apparently in the region in 1837 and 1838. (“Death of Br. Zenos H. Gurley, Sen.,” True Latter Day Saints’ Herald, 15 Sept. 1871, 560; Mark H. Forscutt, “Biographical Sketch of Elder Zenos H. Gurley, Sen’r,” True Latter Day Saints’ Herald, 1 Jan. 1872, 3; Shepard, “James Blakeslee,” 116–117.)

    Saints’ Herald. Independence, MO. 1860–.

    Shepard, William. “James Blakeslee, the Old Soldier of Mormonism.” John Whitmer Historical Association Journal 17 (1997): 113–132.

  3. [3]

    Gurley may have lived in Nauvoo for a time. He purchased land there in November 1839 and March 1840. (JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 1 Nov. 1839; JS et al. to Zenas Gurley, Bond, Nauvoo, IL, 12 Mar. 1840, Newel K. Whitney, Papers, BYU; Henry G. Sherwood to Zenas Gurley, Town Lot Order, [Nauvoo, IL], 12 Mar. 1840, JS Office Papers, CHL.)

  4. [4]

    “Truth Prevailing,” Times and Seasons, 15 Mar. 1841, 2:350; Macedonia Branch, Record, 17 Apr. 1841.

    Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

    Macedonia Branch, Record / “A Record of the Chur[c]h of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints in Macedonia (Also Called Ramus),” 1839–1850. CHL. LR 11808 21.

  5. [5]

    Minutes, 7–11 Apr. 1841.

Page [1]

Laharpe

Located about twenty-five miles east of Nauvoo. Settled 1830. Originally called Franklin. Developed, platted, and renamed La Harpe, by 1836. Immigration and missionary work led to creation of branch of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in area, ...

More Info
April May 4th 1842
Gen Smith
D[ea]r Sir A combination of circumstances over which I have no controll prevent me from meeting with the
Legion

A contingent of the Illinois state militia provided for in the Nauvoo city charter. The Nauvoo Legion was organized into two cohorts: one infantry and one cavalry. Each cohort could potentially comprise several thousand men and was overseen by a brigadier...

View Glossary
on the present occasion—
1

Gurley, who was an aide-de-camp in the Nauvoo Legion, was likely referring to the legion’s general parade and corresponding drills, to be held 5–7 May 1842. (JS, Journal, 6 and 7 May 1842.)


I have Just returned to my famaly
2

Gurley married Margaret Hickey in 1825. By late February 1842, the couple had five living children: Samuel, Louisa, Julia, John, and Zenas Jr. Three other children, Margaret, Michael, and Lovinia, had died in infancy. (History of the Reorganized Church, 3:742–743; Gurley, History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family, 77.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.

Gurley, Albert E. The History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family. Hartford, CT: Case, Lockwood & Brainard, 1897.

from whom I have been absent since last January— who have suffered much by sickness during my absence—
While in
Wisconsin

Area settled by French, before 1700. Became part of U.S. by Treaty of Paris, 1783. Territory officially formed, 1836, with Belmont established as capital. Capital moved to present-day Burlington, Iowa, 1837. Territory initially included all or part of present...

More Info
3

The Latter-day Saints had been in the region that became Wisconsin Territory since at least 1835, when the area was part of Michigan Territory. However, the first missionaries did not begin preaching in Wisconsin Territory until 1840. (Clark, “Mormons of the Wisconsin Territory,” 59–65.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Clark, David L. “The Mormons of the Wisconsin Territory: 1835–1848.” BYU Studies 37 no. 2 (1997–1998): 57–85.

I organized a sma[ll]
4

TEXT: Characters obscured by wafer residue.


Branch

An ecclesiastical organization of church members in a particular locale. A branch was generally smaller than a stake or a conference. Branches were also referred to as churches, as in “the Church of Shalersville.” In general, a branch was led by a presiding...

View Glossary
of the
Church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

View Glossary
at Brittish Holl[ow]
5

TEXT: Characters obscured by wafer residue. British Hollow, also called Pleasant Valley, was a settlement located in the northeast corner of Potosi, Grant County, Wisconsin, fewer than five miles from the Iowa border.


three Miles from Potose
6

Potosi, Grant County, Wisconsin, borders the Mississippi River to the north.


I named it the Miners Branch of
Wisconsin Territory

Area settled by French, before 1700. Became part of U.S. by Treaty of Paris, 1783. Territory officially formed, 1836, with Belmont established as capital. Capital moved to present-day Burlington, Iowa, 1837. Territory initially included all or part of present...

More Info
7

Members of the branch apparently belonged to Potosi’s population of lead miners. (See Baumann, “History of Potosi,” 44–57.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Baumann, Elda O. “The History of Potosi.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 23, no. 1 (Sept. 1939): 44–57.

A large field is opened in that section And many— verry many Are Anxious that the word should be preached unto them While there I visited a small Branch organized by Brs [William O.] Clark &
[Amasa] Lyman

30 Mar. 1813–4 Feb. 1877. Boatman, gunsmith, farmer. Born at Lyman, Grafton Co., New Hampshire. Son of Roswell Lyman and Martha Mason. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Lyman E. Johnson, 27 Apr. 1832. Moved to Hiram, Portage Co....

View Full Bio
8

The small branch mentioned was possibly located at Mineral Point, where, according to Amasa Lyman, William O. Clark had “baptized 17 members” in the summer of 1841. During this period, Lyman and Clark proselytized in and around the area where Gurley later organized the branch. (Amasa Lyman, Rockford, IL, 2 Aug. 1841, Letter to the Editors, Times and Seasons, 16 Aug. 1841, 2:515–516; “Amasa Lyman’s History,” Deseret News [Salt Lake City], 15 Sept. 1858, 122; Julia R. Short, “Biography of William O. Clark,” Journal of History, Apr. 1913, 136–141.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.

Short, Julia R. “Biography of William O. Clark.” Journal of History 6 (Jan. 1913): 131–176.

last fall their faith is good and all are purposing to assist in Building the
Temple

Located in portion of Nauvoo known as the bluff. JS revelation dated Jan. 1841 commanded Saints to build temple and hotel (Nauvoo House). Cornerstone laid, 6 Apr. 1841. Saints volunteered labor, money, and other resources for temple construction. Construction...

More Info
— May the blessing of God continue with his Saints— yours Respectfuly
Zenas H Gurley

Spring 1801–28 Aug. 1871. Tanner, currier, schoolteacher. Born in Bridgewater, Oneida Co., New York. Son of Zenas Gurley and Experience Hovey. Married Margaret Hickey, 28 Sept. 1825, near Morrisburg, Dundas Co., Upper Canada. Baptized into Church of Jesus...

View Full Bio
Gen J. Smith [p. [1]]
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Source Note

Document Transcript

Page [1]

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Letter from Zenas Gurley, 4 May 1842
ID #
1509
Total Pages
2
Print Volume Location
JSP, D10:28–30
Handwriting on This Page
  • Zenas Gurley

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    Gurley, who was an aide-de-camp in the Nauvoo Legion, was likely referring to the legion’s general parade and corresponding drills, to be held 5–7 May 1842. (JS, Journal, 6 and 7 May 1842.)

  2. [2]

    Gurley married Margaret Hickey in 1825. By late February 1842, the couple had five living children: Samuel, Louisa, Julia, John, and Zenas Jr. Three other children, Margaret, Michael, and Lovinia, had died in infancy. (History of the Reorganized Church, 3:742–743; Gurley, History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family, 77.)

    The History of the Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints. 8 vols. Independence, MO: Herald Publishing House, 1896–1976.

    Gurley, Albert E. The History and Genealogy of the Gurley Family. Hartford, CT: Case, Lockwood & Brainard, 1897.

  3. [3]

    The Latter-day Saints had been in the region that became Wisconsin Territory since at least 1835, when the area was part of Michigan Territory. However, the first missionaries did not begin preaching in Wisconsin Territory until 1840. (Clark, “Mormons of the Wisconsin Territory,” 59–65.)

    Clark, David L. “The Mormons of the Wisconsin Territory: 1835–1848.” BYU Studies 37 no. 2 (1997–1998): 57–85.

  4. [4]

    TEXT: Characters obscured by wafer residue.

  5. [5]

    TEXT: Characters obscured by wafer residue. British Hollow, also called Pleasant Valley, was a settlement located in the northeast corner of Potosi, Grant County, Wisconsin, fewer than five miles from the Iowa border.

  6. [6]

    Potosi, Grant County, Wisconsin, borders the Mississippi River to the north.

  7. [7]

    Members of the branch apparently belonged to Potosi’s population of lead miners. (See Baumann, “History of Potosi,” 44–57.)

    Baumann, Elda O. “The History of Potosi.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 23, no. 1 (Sept. 1939): 44–57.

  8. [8]

    The small branch mentioned was possibly located at Mineral Point, where, according to Amasa Lyman, William O. Clark had “baptized 17 members” in the summer of 1841. During this period, Lyman and Clark proselytized in and around the area where Gurley later organized the branch. (Amasa Lyman, Rockford, IL, 2 Aug. 1841, Letter to the Editors, Times and Seasons, 16 Aug. 1841, 2:515–516; “Amasa Lyman’s History,” Deseret News [Salt Lake City], 15 Sept. 1858, 122; Julia R. Short, “Biography of William O. Clark,” Journal of History, Apr. 1913, 136–141.)

    Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.

    Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.

    Short, Julia R. “Biography of William O. Clark.” Journal of History 6 (Jan. 1913): 131–176.

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